Cognitive stage | Age | Highlights | Sensorimotor stage | Birth-2 | Object permanence | Pre-operational stage | 2-7 | Symbolic play and use of language | Concrete operational stage | 7-11 | Ability to perform operations | Formal operation stage | 11- onwards | intelligence | Levels of moral orientation | Substages | Features | Pre-conventional level | Stage 1: punishment Stage 2: reward | Motivated by external pressures | Conventional level | Stage 3: good boy/girlStage 4: authority | Conforming to norms of majorityMaintaining social order | Post conventional level | Stage 5: social contract Stage 6:ethical principle | Principle values like justice and human dignity should be preserved. |
Cognitive stage: Main proponent : Jean Piaget Moral development
Developmental stage | Characteristics | 1. pre-natal (conception to birth) | Age when heredity endowment are