Qualitative Research
A Companion to
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
A Companion to
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
Edited by Uwe Flick, Ernst von Kardorff and Ines Steinke
Translated by Bryan Jenner
SAGE Publications
London
●
Thousand Oaks ● New Delhi
Translation © 2004 This English edition first published 2004 Originally published in the series “rowohlts enzyklopädie” under the title QUALITATIVE FORSHCHUNG – Ein Handbuch Copyright © 2000 Rowohlt Ttaschenbuch Verlag GmbH, Reinbek bei Hamburg Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, this publication may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form, or by any means, only with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction, in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Inquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to the publishers. SAGE Publications Ltd 1 Oliver’s Yard 55 City Road London EC1Y 1SP SAGE Publications Inc. 2455 Teller Road Thousand Oaks, California 91320 SAGE Publications India Pvt Ltd B-42, Panchsheel Enclave Post Box 4109 New Delhi 110 017 British Library Cataloguing in Publication data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 0 7619 7374 5 ISBN 0 7619 7375 3 (pbk) Library of Congress Control Number 2003112201
Typeset by C&M Digitals (P) Ltd., Chennai, India Printed in Great Britain by Bell & Bain Ltd, Glasgow
Contents
Notes on Editors and Contributors Preface PART 1 INTRODUCTION 1 What is Qualitative Research? An Introduction to the Field Uwe Flick, Ernst von Kardorff and Ines Steinke ix xii 1 3
PART 2 QUALITATIVE RESEARCH IN ACTION: PARADIGMATIC RESEARCH STYLES Introduction 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 Anselm Strauss Bruno Hildenbrand Erving Goffman Herbert Willems Harold Garfinkel and Harvey Sacks Jörg R. Bergmann Paul Willis and
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
A Companion to
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
Edited by Uwe Flick, Ernst von Kardorff and Ines Steinke
Translated by Bryan Jenner
SAGE Publications
London
●
Thousand Oaks ● New Delhi
Translation © 2004 This English edition first published 2004 Originally published in the series “rowohlts enzyklopädie” under the title QUALITATIVE FORSHCHUNG – Ein Handbuch Copyright © 2000 Rowohlt Ttaschenbuch Verlag GmbH, Reinbek bei Hamburg Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, this publication may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form, or by any means, only with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction, in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Inquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to the publishers. SAGE Publications Ltd 1 Oliver’s Yard 55 City Road London EC1Y 1SP SAGE Publications Inc. 2455 Teller Road Thousand Oaks, California 91320 SAGE Publications India Pvt Ltd B-42, Panchsheel Enclave Post Box 4109 New Delhi 110 017 British Library Cataloguing in Publication data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 0 7619 7374 5 ISBN 0 7619 7375 3 (pbk) Library of Congress Control Number 2003112201
Typeset by C&M Digitals (P) Ltd., Chennai, India Printed in Great Britain by Bell & Bain Ltd, Glasgow
Contents
Notes on Editors and Contributors Preface PART 1 INTRODUCTION 1 What is Qualitative Research? An Introduction to the Field Uwe Flick, Ernst von Kardorff and Ines Steinke ix xii 1 3
PART 2 QUALITATIVE RESEARCH IN ACTION: PARADIGMATIC RESEARCH STYLES Introduction 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 Anselm Strauss Bruno Hildenbrand Erving Goffman Herbert Willems Harold Garfinkel and Harvey Sacks Jörg R. Bergmann Paul Willis and