Ad-hoc Routing Protocols for Rural Public Safety
Chad Bohannan, Li Zhang, Jian Tang, Richard S. Wolff, Shen Wan, Neeraj Gurdasani and Doug Galarus
Abstract—In this paper, we explore the feasibility of using
Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs) for rural public safety. First, we discuss a QoS enhancement to a standard routing protocol,
Dynamic Source Routing (DSR). By incorporating a new routing metric and the available bandwidth and delay estimation algorithms with DSR, we design a new routing protocol, QoSAware Source Routing (QASR), to meet the QoS requirements specified by Statement of Requirements (SoR) for public safety communications. We then evaluate the performance of QASR and the well-known standard routing protocols including Adhoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) and DSR based on real public safety scenarios using the OPNET modeler at the
4.9GHz public safety spectrum band. Simulation results show that QASR significantly outperforms DSR and AODV in terms of various performance metrics.
Index Terms—Mobile ad-hoc networks, routing, QoS, public safety, rural areas.
I. I NTRODUCTION
Providing responsive and effective public safety is particularly challenging in rural and sparsely populated areas, where the lack of communication infrastructure, large distances and difficult terrain contribute additional complexities. A Mobile
Ad-hoc Networks (MANET) is a self-organizing, and highly dynamic wireless network composed of mobile nodes. Such a network can be formed on the fly without requiring any fixed infrastructure and each node can act as a router to forward packets for other nodes. MANETs are considered as a promising solution to connect vehicular and hand-held nodes with fixed infrastructure and with each other for public safety communications in rural areas.
According to the Statement of Requirements (SoR) [11], the public safety communications have stringent end-to-end
Quality of Service (QoS) requirements, which,