Reading
Let’s go Bats
A. Bats have a problem: how to find their way(đường đi) around in the dark they hunt(săn mồi) at flight, and cannot use light to help them find prey(con mồi) and avoid obstacles(chướng ngại). You might say that this is a problem of their own making one that they could avoid simply by changing their habits(thói quen) and hunting by day(ban ngày). But the daytime economy(sự kiểm soát) is already(rồi) heavily(nặng nề) exploited(khai thác by other creatures (cacs loài sinh vật)such as birds. Given that there is a living to be made at night, and given that alternative (thay thế)day time(ban ngày) trades (cách kiếm sống)are thoroughly(hoàn toàn) occupied(chiếm đóng), natural selection(chọn lọc tự nhiên) has favored(ủng hộ) bats that make a go of the night-hunting trade. It is probable that the nocturnal(thuộc về đêm) trades go way back(quay trở về) in the ancestry(tổ tiên) of all mammals(động vật có vú). In the time when the dinosaurs (khủng long) dominated(thống trị) the daytime economy, our mammalian ancestors(tổ tiên loài động vật co vú) probably(có lẽ) only managed(xoay xở) to survive(tồn tai, sống sót) at all because they found ways of scraping(đập vụn a living at night Only after the mysterious(kì lạ, huyền bí) mass extinction(sự tuyệt chủng) of the dinosaurs about 65 million years ago were our ancestors able to emerge(nổi lên) into the day light in any substantial(đáng kể) numbers. B. Bats have an engineering(kĩ thuật) problem: how to find their way and find their prey in the absence of(thiếu vắn) light . Bats are not the only(duy nhất) creatures to face(đối mặt) this difficulty today. Obviously(rõ rang) the night-flying insects (loài côn tùng bay vào ban đêm)that they prey(săn) on must find their way about somehow(bằng cách nào đó). Deep-sea fish(cá dưới biển sâu) and whales(cá voi have little or no light by day(ban ngày) or by night(ban đêm). Fish and dolphins that live in extremely muddy(đục ngầu) water cannot see because, although there is
A. Bats have a problem: how to find their way(đường đi) around in the dark they hunt(săn mồi) at flight, and cannot use light to help them find prey(con mồi) and avoid obstacles(chướng ngại). You might say that this is a problem of their own making one that they could avoid simply by changing their habits(thói quen) and hunting by day(ban ngày). But the daytime economy(sự kiểm soát) is already(rồi) heavily(nặng nề) exploited(khai thác by other creatures (cacs loài sinh vật)such as birds. Given that there is a living to be made at night, and given that alternative (thay thế)day time(ban ngày) trades (cách kiếm sống)are thoroughly(hoàn toàn) occupied(chiếm đóng), natural selection(chọn lọc tự nhiên) has favored(ủng hộ) bats that make a go of the night-hunting trade. It is probable that the nocturnal(thuộc về đêm) trades go way back(quay trở về) in the ancestry(tổ tiên) of all mammals(động vật có vú). In the time when the dinosaurs (khủng long) dominated(thống trị) the daytime economy, our mammalian ancestors(tổ tiên loài động vật co vú) probably(có lẽ) only managed(xoay xở) to survive(tồn tai, sống sót) at all because they found ways of scraping(đập vụn a living at night Only after the mysterious(kì lạ, huyền bí) mass extinction(sự tuyệt chủng) of the dinosaurs about 65 million years ago were our ancestors able to emerge(nổi lên) into the day light in any substantial(đáng kể) numbers. B. Bats have an engineering(kĩ thuật) problem: how to find their way and find their prey in the absence of(thiếu vắn) light . Bats are not the only(duy nhất) creatures to face(đối mặt) this difficulty today. Obviously(rõ rang) the night-flying insects (loài côn tùng bay vào ban đêm)that they prey(săn) on must find their way about somehow(bằng cách nào đó). Deep-sea fish(cá dưới biển sâu) and whales(cá voi have little or no light by day(ban ngày) or by night(ban đêm). Fish and dolphins that live in extremely muddy(đục ngầu) water cannot see because, although there is