Bourgeoisie: is defined as the middle class, typically referring to its perceived materialistic values or conventional attitudes. However, according to Marx, it’s defined as the capitalist class who own most of society’s wealth and means of production.
Oligarchy: is a form of government in which most of the political power effectively rests with a small segment of society, typically the people who have the most wealth, military strength, ruthlessness or political influence.
Monarchy: is a governmental system that has one person as the permanent head of state until he or she dies or gives up his or her position.
Democracy: is a form of government in which all eligible citizens have an equal say in the decisions that affect their lives. Democracy allows eligible citizens to participate equally---either directly or through elected representatives---in the proposal, development, and creation of laws.
Sovereignty: supreme power or authority.
Proletariat: are the class of industrial wage earners who, possessing neither capital nor production means, must earn their living by selling their labor (the poorest class of working people).
Feudalism: was a set of legal and military customs in medieval Europe that flourished between the 9th and 15th centuries, which, broadly defined, was a system for structuring society around relationships derived from the holding of land in exchange for service or labor.
Feudal System: the political, military, and social system in the middle Ages, based on the holding of lands in fief or fee and on the resulting relations between lord and vassal.
Modernization: process by which a society moves from traditional or pre-industrial social and economic arrangements to those characteristics of industrial societies.
Aristocracy: a government in which power is vested in minority consisting of those believed to be best qualified, made up of hereditary nobility.
Discovery: the act, process, or an instance of discovering.