ORAL Presentation Class Task
Topic: “Sects and Cults”
A cult is a system of religious veneration and devotion directed towards a particular figure or object. Cults are generally considered to be extremist of false, with its followers often living in an unconventional manner under the guidance of an authoritarian, charismatic leader. One example of a cult is Scientology, created by science fiction writer L. Ron Hubbard, beginning in 1952 as a successor to his earlier self-help system, Dianetics. Hubbard characterized Scientology as a religion, and in 1953 he incorporated the Church of Scientology in Camden, New Jersey. Though Scientology has attained some credibility as a religion in many countries, Scientology has also been described as both a cult and a commercial enterprise. Some of the Church's actions also brought scrutiny from the press and law enforcement. For example, it has been noted to engage in harassment and abuse of civil courts to silence its critics, using fair game policies and procedures against people it perceives as its enemies.
Scientology means "knowing how to know”. It is a contraction of the Latin Scio ("knowing”) and Greek logos ("study of”). Scientology teaches that people are immortal spiritual beings who have forgotten their true nature. Its method of spiritual rehabilitation is a type of counseling known as "auditing", in which practitioners aim to re-experience consciously painful or traumatic events in their past, in order to free themselves of their limiting effects. Study materials and auditing courses are made available to members in return for specified donations.
According to the church, people believe in scientology because of an "absence of answers" from science. Scientology claims that its practices provide methods by which a person can achieve greater spiritual awareness. Within Scientology, progression from level to level is often called The Bridge to Total Freedom. Scientologists are taught