Preview

Research

Powerful Essays
Open Document
Open Document
3167 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Research
Introduction
In this research, we will use Malaysia as our focus country to determine the factors that will affect the growth in government expenditure. There will be four variables, which included one dependent variable that is government expenditure (G) and three independent variables – inflation rate (%), population growth rate (%) and public debts growth rate (%). Our research is to study the relationship between inflation rate, population growth rate and public debts growth rate with government expenditure rate. When there are changes in inflation rate, population growth rate and public debts growth rate, how it would affect the government expenditure (G) to grow or to decline.
There are many researches about this topic has been discussed before this. According to a C.Okafor and O.Eiya (2011), they looked at empirical data in Nigeria from year 1999 to 2008 and found that inflation rate has a negative relationship with government expenditure, while population growth rate and public debts growth rate has a significant positive relationship with government expenditure.
Therefore,we will review some key studies on the relationship between inflation rate, population growth rate and public debts growth rate with government expenditure by providing logical explanation on the direction of the relationship between those dependent and independent variables. Thus, we will conduct an empirical study by using twenty years of annually data.
Research Problem
Government Spending in Malaysia increased to 33,624 MYR Million in the fourth quarter of 2012 from 22,706 MYR Million in the third quarter of 2012. Historically, from 2005 until 2012, Malaysia Government Spending averaged 19,644.82 MYR Million reaching an all-time high of 33,624 MYR Million in November of 2012 and a record low of 12,420 MYR Million in February of 2005. The government expenditure in Malaysia is reported by the Department of Statistics, Malaysia. It shows the increments of the government expenditure



References: C. Okafor and O. Eiya, Determinants of Growth in Government Expenditure: An Empirical Analysis of Nigeria, Research Journal of Business Management, Vol. 5, No. 1, 2011, p. 44 – 50. Peacock, A. T. And Wiseman, J. (1961). The Growth of Public Expenditure in the United Kingdom, Princeton University Press, Princeton N.J. Ghartey, E. E. (2006). Economic Growth, Expanding Role of Government, and Fiscal Policy in Ghana, IEA Ghana. [ 4 ]. S. F. Iwejingi, Population Growth, Environmental Degradation and Human Health in Nigeria, Research on Humanities and Social Sceience, Vol. 2, No. 10, 2012.

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    After various changes to the economic tax and interest rate, CPHP have conducted and compiled research into current public spending. The results show that there has been a dramatic reduction in the level of public spending in the UK.…

    • 635 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    • McGrady, D. (2001). Fiscal policy. In Burton S. Kaliski (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Business and Finance (pp. 389-391). New York, NY: Macmillan Reference USA.…

    • 484 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    However, testing the regressions indicated that interest rate and inflation rate had some kind of relations. Granger Causality had adopted Granger Causality to examine the causal relations between interest rate and inflation rate, GDP, and real growth rate. The findings indicated that GDP did cause interest rate and real growth rate did cause inflation rate. Meanwhile interest rate and real growth rate had feedback relation existence. The results seem like Mundell theory that: interest rate did not have the same pace with inflation rate.…

    • 774 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Government spending is a way of increasing aggregate demand, and if successful can help boost economic growth. Government spending tends to be directed at infrastructure and maintenance, as this not only creates jobs but creates a valuable asset.…

    • 1232 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    long-run coefficient effects between the variables. Breaking down the components of government expenditure, we found that health expenditure (he), information and communication technology expenditure (ice), education expenditure (ee), and housing and community…

    • 4347 Words
    • 18 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    The spread of Government debts however is much vaster. Whereas growth is relatively easy to influence and control, debt is a by-product of creating growth for the economy. Some countries may achieve growth more efficiently than others. There may be factors such as corruption, location, difference in sizes of public sectors, and may other determinants that may affect the level of debt.…

    • 350 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Better Essays

    According to the formula AD = C + I + G +X –M, we understand government have a huge part in the economic growth of a nation. If government spending increase it will cause the the AD to increase as well which would then lead to the increment in the GDP of the nation. Conversly, government can decrease their spending…

    • 1652 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Economic growth is fundamental for sustainable development. It is not possible, for a developing country, to ameliorate the quality of life of its growing population without economic growth. The relationship between government expenditure and economic growth has continued to generate series of debate among scholars. Government performs two functions- protection (and security) and provisions of certain public goods (Abdullah, 2000) and (Al-Yousif, 2000). Protection function consists of the creation of rule of law and enforcement of property rights. This helps to minimize risks of criminality, protect life and property, and the nation from external aggression. Under the provisions of public goods are defense, roads, education, health, and power, to mention few. Some scholars argue that increase in government expenditure on socio-economic and physical infrastructures encourages economic growth. For example, government expenditure on health and education raises the productivity of labour and increase the growth of national output. Similarly, expenditure on infrastructure such as roads, communications, power, etc, reduces production costs, increases private sector investment and profitability of firms, thus fostering economic growth. Supporting this view, scholars such as (Al-Yousif, 2000); (Abdullah, 200); (Ranjan and Sharma, 2008); and (Cooray, 2009) concluded that expansion of government expenditure contributes positively to economic growth.…

    • 1755 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Determining the policies that increase economic growth is one of the foremost challenges for today’ economists. These questions are of enormous practical impors tance, as the welfare consequences of even small increases in economic growth can be tremendous.1 And yet, …nding these optimal economic policies is only half the job. Economic policy is not decided by benevolent social planners, but by government o¢ cials, usually with at least one eye to their reelection prospects. We consider the question of how…

    • 3007 Words
    • 13 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    The size of the government debt is related to whether it can balance its budget. The only way the Debt can decline is through a budget surplus that allows the government to pay off some of its previous borrowings .The government debt, which was about TK.12 thousand Corers at the end of 1999, has increased by over TK.6 thousand crore in 2000.If budget recur government debt continues to increase. Since 2000 the government has made some progress in reduction in the deficit but in 2004 the deficit was still TK15 thousand crore.…

    • 7330 Words
    • 30 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Why Study Public Policy

    • 732 Words
    • 3 Pages

    2. The sheer extent of the intervention of government in society, the economy, and world affairs makes the study of public policy essential for a conscientious citizen. Similarly, the amount of spending by government at all levels makes this an important subject. As taxpayers, we have a stake in effective public policy and the overall scope of the government in our lives. We consume a vast and varied bundle of public services. A detailed, current discussion of the dimensions, growth, and composition of government spending will be provided in chapter five, which deals with the budget as part of the policy cycle.…

    • 732 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Economic stability and growth is the primary goal of every business and government in all countries in the world. In this write up, we shall examine some of the economic indicators over a ten year period (2003 to 2012) that affects the economies of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Germany. We shall analyze how world development indicators impact their respective economies as well as the private business establishments that operate in them. The Gross Domestic Product (GDP), which is the backbone for economic analysis for each country shall be analyzed and compared to see which of the two is more viable economically. These findings will end with a conclusion on the way forward to each country to gain and maintain economic stability to guarantee growth.…

    • 2999 Words
    • 16 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    In modern economic activities public expenditure has to play an important role. It helps to accelerate economic growth and ensure economic stability. Public Expenditure can promote economic development as follows :-…

    • 5637 Words
    • 23 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Concept of Public Finance

    • 12821 Words
    • 52 Pages

    Environment and Production Technology Division International Food Policy Research Institute 2033 K Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20006 U.S.A.…

    • 12821 Words
    • 52 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Based on macroeconomic theory, the level of government expenditure must be positive with the economic growth. The higher the expenditure, the higher will be the economic growth. Government expenditure can be divided into productive and unproductive expenditure. Productive expenditure will be contributed to the economic growth in a few years’ time. Meanwhile, the unproductive expenditure will lead to the decline in the economic growth. Productive expenditure comprise of education and health. Besides, the unproductive expenditure consists of expenditure like pension and subsidies.…

    • 405 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays