Review of related studies on library service in the Philippines
Perception of the Bachelor of Science in Marine Transportation On the Services of the Library of the University of Cagayan Valley
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A Research Study Presented to the Faculty of Fundamentals Of Research
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In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree In Bachelor of Science in Marine Transportation
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By:
By: John Paul A. Bernardo Jose Rafael A. Perez
2013TABLES OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
Title ------------------------------------------------ i
Approval --------------------------------------------- ii
Dedication ------------------------------------------- iii
Acknowledgment --------------------------------------- iv
Table of Contents ------------------------------------ v
CHAPTERS:
Chapter I - THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction ------------------------------------ 1
Conceptual Frameworks --------------------------- 2
Research Paradigm ------------------------------- 3
Statement of the problem ------------------------ 4
Significance of the study ----------------------- 5
Scope and Delimitation -------------------------- 6
Chapter II- REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
Related Literature ------------------------------ 7
Foreign ----------------------------------------- 8
Local ------------------------------------------- 9
Related Studies --------------------------------- 10
Foreign ----------------------------------------- 11
Local ------------------------------------------- 12
Chapter III- METHODS AND PROCEDURE
Research Design --------------------------------- 13
Respondents of the study ------------------------ 14
Sampling techniques/methods --------------------- 15
Tabular presentation of the respondents --------- 16
Data Gathering Tool ----------------------------- 17
Validation of the research instrument ----------- 18
Data Gathering Procedure ------------------------ 19
Statistical tool -------------------------------- 20
Chapter IV - PRESENTATION ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
Presentation of Data ---------------------------- 21
Analysis of Data -------------------------------- 22
Interpretation of Data -------------------------- 23
Chapter V- SUMMARY OF FINDINGS CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Findings ---------------------------------------- 24
Conclusion- ------------------------------------- 25
Recommendation ---------------------------------- 26
Bibliography ------------------------------------ 27
Appendices -------------------------------------- 28
Curriculum Vitae -------------------------------- 29
APPROVAL SHEET
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Bachelor of Science in Marine Transportation, this research study entitled, “Shipboard Familiarization Program of the Bachelor of Science in Marine Transportation on the Services of the Library of the University of Cagayan Valley: An Assessment”, has been prepared and submitted by the following students, John Paul A. Bernardo and Jose Rafael are hereby recommended for oral examination.
Dr. Carlito T. Perlas Adviser
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Above all, the researchers wish to express with sincerest appreciation and gratitude all those who support and assist towards the completion of this research. First and foremost, to our almighty God who made all things possible and enable the researchers to overcome challenges in life, for without Him, this piece of work would have not been realized. Immeasurable debt of gratitude is humbly expressed to the following. Dr. Carlito T. Perlas, research study adviser, for his invaluable assistance, infinite support and encouragement to finish this research work. 2/E Henry B. Pagaddu, Dean of College of Maritime Education, for granting permission and approval in order us to float the questionnaire. Ma’am Julie Anne Ferrer, statistician, or her valuable technical assistance and expertise in statistics.
DEDICATION
To the College of Maritime Transportation students or Cadets and Instructors who have continually inspired and encourage us to go on and finished the study.
To our relatives, group mates and all our friends and families who were our source of inspirations.
Above all, to Almighty Father whose constant presence was felt through and through.
We dedicated this humble piece of work.
Chapter 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction:
Library has increased with the complexity of our society. The rapid growth of technology has meant that many gadgets and equipment have appeared and continuous progress of the world the help of the Science and Technology. Library is considered the heart of the school it is expected to be taken care of for its normal functioning day by day.
Many students, workers, and researchers need varies value information that are provided by the library and giving them important data that they need. At the same time libraries are progressing as the whole world progress.
The world we live it seems so easier now because of the fast growing high technology that were given by the inventors. In the same phase of this statement, we have to aim the perception of the students in a particular library, are they satisfied regarding the services provided by the library, and are they comfortable.
Library is derived from the French word "librairie" in Latin "liber" means book. It is an organized collection of information resources made accessible to a defined community for reference. It provides physical or digital access to material, and may be a physical building or room, or a virtual space, or both. A library's collection can include books, periodicals, newspapers, manuscripts, films, maps, prints, documents, microforms, CDs, cassettes, video tapes, DVDs, e-books, audio books, database, and other formats.
A library is organized for use and maintained by a public body, an institution, a corporation, or a private individual. Public and institutional collections and services may be intended for use by people who chose not to — or cannot afford to — purchase an extensive collection themselves, who need material no individual can reasonably be expected to have, or who require professional assistance with their research.
In addition libraries are expected with provision to ensure maximum and availability of collection of all references needed, there by showing the satisfactory use of the library materials through adequate range and quality services. Administration should enforced proper coordination between the faculty and the library staffs in promoting effective use of library resources by the students.
Modern libraries are increasingly being redefined as places to get unrestricted access to information in many formats and from many sources. They are extending services beyond the physical walls of a building, by providing material accessible by electronic means, and by providing the assistance of librarians in navigating and analyzing very large amounts of information with a variety of digital tools.
In the Philippines, the national library can trace its history to the establishment of the Museo-Biblioteca de Filipinas (Museum-Library of the Philippines), established by royal order of the Spanish government on August 12, 1887. It opened on October 24, 1891 at the Casa de la Monedain Intramuros, then home of the Philippine Mint, with around 100 volumes and with both Julian Romero and Benito Perdiguero as director and archivist-librarian, respectively.
Romero resigned in 1893 and was briefly replaced by Tomas Torres of the Escuela de Artes y Ofícios in Bacolor, Pampanga (now the Don Honorio Ventura College of Arts and Trades), who in turn was replaced by Don Pedro A. Paterno on March 31, 1894. By that time, the library had moved to a site in Quiapo near the present site of the Masjid Al-Dahab. Later on, Paterno published the first issue of the BoletindelMuseo-Bibliotecade Filipinas (Bulletin of the Museum-Library of the Philippines) on January 15, 1895.
The Museo-Biblioteca was abolished upon the onset of the America colonization of the Philippines. By the time of its abolition, the library held around 1,000 volumes and averaged around 25-30 visitors a day. The entire collection would later be transferred at Paterno's expense to his own private library, of which some books would form the basis for the Filipiniana collection of subsequent incarnations of the national library. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library)
In the University of Cagayan Valley, library offers student’s service such as informational service, Wi-Fi connection, and internet connection. In this way, the University of Cagayan Valley is getting for the best in uplifting the quality and training of the students as the costumers of the institution.
The University of Cagayan Valley operates with the open shelves and internet system. Book holdings are classified according to the Dewey decimal classification schemed, it consists of different section namely; the general reference section; periodicals; reserve section; circulation; filipiniana and reading room.
Many students found it difficult to utilize the services just like the BSMT students perceptions in the library regarding of their services which in the internet system there are no printing machine provided to the students that they can use therefore, this is one of the reason which struck the researcher’s decision to conduct a research in order to know and evaluate how tertiary students perceive in the delivery of services of the library.
Conceptual Frameworks:
Library is being offered in the school of all the universities in the Philippines. It helps the students to overcome their counterparts upon their studies.
The perception of the BSMT students on the services of the library shall aim to asses by researchers. The quality of services and information that are provided by the library affects given by them, it is therefore indispensable that the library must provide a better service and equipments for the students.
A more functional and effective library then it is conceptualized with any as all of the following:
1.a. Holdings
1.b. Staff
Fig. 1 Paradigm of the study:
The input box includes two components: the personal profile of the respondents and their perception to the services offered by library to them.
The second box shows the process in correlating the respondents' perception on the services of the library to them.
The last box shows the findings on the relations of the respondents' effects according to their personal profile. An arrow will affect the respondents' profile and so on.
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT
Fig. 1
Feedback
Statement of the Problem:
The study assessed the services of the Library among the BSMT students of the University of Cagayan Valley.
Specifically, it shall seek to answer the following:
1. What is the personal profile of the respondents relative to:
1.a. Age
1.b. Gender
1.c. Civil Status
1.d. Religion
2. What is the perception of the respondents on the services of the Library:
2.a. Holdings
2.b. Staff
3. Is there a significant relationship between the perception of the respondents on the services of the Library when groups according to their profile?
Hypothesis:
This study was premised by lone hypothesis:
1. There is no significant relationship between the perceptions of the respondents as to the services of the Library when grouped according to profile.
Significance of the Study: This study determined how effective the services of the Library in giving them satisfaction to the students. It provides more idea about the Library services and the results of this study will help the following:
School Administrator. The study provides them some information on how they can help the Library Staff specially in providing them a well-planned on how to provide the students more services that can be offered. Students. This study will help the students know the services that are provided by the library. Parents. The study will provide them information about the fees of their children. Librarian. This study will help them to ease their works.
Researchers. The study will serve them as foundation or reference to their studies connected to this. Future researchers. This study will use the results as initial data for a more extensive study of libraries and library services in any other given setting.
Scope and Delimitation: This study focuses on the perception of BSMT students of the services of the Library of UCV. The respondents solicited for this study is 3rd year students of Bachelor of Science in Marine Transportation. Their profile was gathered and also their insight about the Library services offered to them. Definition of Terms:
The following terms used in this study was defined theoretically and operationally to facilitate better understanding of this research work.
Accession record. The accession record gives essential facts acquisition of each book in the library.
Card catalog. This is the index of the collection of books in the library.
Cultural books. Books concern with materials that are design to meet the needs of the students in their basic subjects wherein values are integrated.
DDC. It is stand for Dewey decimal classification.
Dewey decimal classification scheme. It is the classification of books in the library which was derived by Melvin Dewey.
Filipiniana. It is defined as printed materials dealing about the Philippines written by Filipino and Foreign Authors.
Reference book. These are books that are primarily for consultation rather than for consecutive reading, and may not be taken out from the library like encyclopedia, etc.
Reserved books. These are books that have been prescribed by different faculty members of the school.
Library Service. This is the service rendered to the faculty, students and the Public in the circulation of books whether this maybe a reserved book service or a reference service.
Chapter 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITRETURE AND STUDIES This chapter has purpose presenting studies and literature that are connected to this study. This will help us for showing more comprehensive outlook on the conduct of this study.
Related Literature:
Foreign:
1The researcher has found various methods of services are functioning in Information science focuses on understanding problems from the perspective of stakeholders and then applying information and other technologies as needed. In other words, it tackles systemic problems first rather than individual pieces of technology within that system. In this respect, information science can be seen as a response to technological determination, the belief that technology "develops by its own laws, that it realizes its own potential, limited only by the material resources available, and must therefore be regarded as an autonomous system controlling and ultimately permeating all other subsystems of society." Within information science, attention has been given in recent years to human computer interaction, group ware, the semantic web value sensitive design, interactive design processes and to the ways people generate, use and find information. Today this field is called the Field of Information, and there are a growing number of Schools and Colleges of Information. The uses of Information technologies or IT in different facets of everyday life are considered as a barometer of a country’s progress. Dramatic improvements are taking place in the two major components of IT: Computers and Telecommunication and these both have affected the entire scenario (1). The Impact of information technologies on the library is quite obvious as it has created new types of work, prompted redefinition of certain functions, influenced interpersonal relationships and transformed traditional organization structures into new institutional entities(2). This study is southern districts of Tamil Nadu is being included four districts are Madurai, Ramanathapuram and Sivaganga; these are focal places of educating in southern part of Tamil Nadu in India. These districts having around 150 institutions are available. We have distributed the questionnaires only colleges of Arts and science, Para Medical, Engineering and Technology only 145 questionnaires distributed and were received only 120 questionnaires the academic institutions libraries. This is one of the significant attempts carried out for the research. Different methods adopted by the library users in searching the legal database by the users are identified. An attempt is made to assess the service quality; use of various search engines and impressions of the law libraries is presented. Some of the popular journals and databases used are listed (3).In the present situation, higher education is bound to opt for the unavoidable shift from the culture of print to a culture of digital technology. This affects teaching, learning and research and also the whole of higher education.
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1http://www.webpages.uidaho.edu/~mbolin/baskaran.htm 2Computer-based automation was initially incorporated into library operations as a mechanism for handling the routine functions of running a library such as circulation, cataloging, acquisitions, interlibrary loan and serials control (Fecko, 1997). Since the 1990s, technology has continued to develop, often faster than library professionals can convincingly cope with. Additionally, the availability of the Internet has brought about dramatic changes in libraries, especially institutional libraries, in terms of how they collect, organize and disseminate information. Perceptions of digital libraries vary and evolve over time, and many definitions for digital libraries have been proposed. The concept of a digital library means different things to different people. Even the key players in the development and use of digital libraries have different understanding of digital libraries. To librarians, a digital library is another form of a physical library; to computer scientists, a digital library is a distributed text-based information system or a networked multimedia information system; to end users, digital libraries are similar to the World Wide Web (www) with improvements in performance, organization, functionality, and usability (Fox, Akscyn, Furuta, & Leggett, 1995). Borgman (1999) added that two competing visions of digital libraries stimulate more discussions on the definition of a digital library by researchers and practitioners.
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2http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2142&context=libphilprac
3A common concern that our global library partners often raise with us is that the role of the academic library in supporting teaching and research staff is not fully understood. Too often, library patrons fail to fully understand the origins of the resources that they are using and how they are able to access them.
A new study released this week by SAGE tells a similar story, with librarians in the developing world becoming increasingly aware of the need to communicate the value of their academic libraries. The study explored opinions of both the library and academic teaching and research community to understand how the library is perceived.
One finding of the study is that most evaluation of value is based on what is in the library’s resource collection. There are few external drivers to demonstrate quality or value; unlike in the UK where National Student Survey scores are just one ways libraries are being evaluated. The case studies illustrated that developing country libraries recognize the importance of evaluating the level of support and service that they provide. As one librarian pointed out, having access to the range of high-quality material is not enough. In order to demonstrate and affect the library’s value for stakeholders, the behavior and perceptions of faculty need to be changed, “it is a process of reinvention in order to reinforce support for faculty in their teaching and research roles”.
Citing developing research partnerships, integrated teaching, research services and literacy instruction as part of the ‘reinvented’ librarian role, the study highlighted a number of areas where librarians are beginning to actively engage with faculty, exploring additional services to offer their faculty patrons.
Some librarians have moved further in this. The University of Maseno, Kenya and National Technical University, Ukraine, have developed integrated teaching practices, supporting both the development of digital media literacy skills amongst students and introducing training around electronic resource collections to ensure that information skills are embedded from the start. Yet, although perceived well by faculty, librarians noted that there is a lack of “cohesive offerings in librarian services in addition to traditional roles of collection development and information skills.”
Asked about the biggest challenge to demonstrating library value and gaining support one librarian remarked: “faculty don’t take it upon themselves to communicate what they want from the library. We try to engage them, but they are not forthcoming.” The study highlighted areas of disconnect between the librarians and their faculty, most notably between what librarians see as important means of communication, and communication that faculty report as being effective –– be this communication of services or the awareness of the physical and online presence of the library.
For librarians to understand the perceptions of faculty and students and to know how to work collaboratively and influence them, effective marketing is required. Case studies indicated that there is clear need for better promotion of resources, awareness raising and skills development. However, this is not just a case of internal promotion, but also a case of developing external relationships with the scholarly community to promote advocacy for the library.
Librarians recognize the need for investing in the marketing of the library as a whole. However the reality of constraints on human, material and financial resources and time mean that librarians need to be smart in identifying ways of building relationships at a senior level and offering additional services to promote their value, which are both effective and scalable.
Demonstrating value for institutional stakeholders has become an increasingly important activity in academic libraries around the world. The concept of library value can de defined in several ways: value for users in the level of support and services provided; value for the parent institution in contribution to institutional missions and goals; or economic value for return on investment.
We undertook this project as an extension of the LISU study to better understand how libraries can better support teaching and research staff in developing countries, and what publishers can do to aid this collaboration. ________________
3(http://connection.sagepub.com/blog/2013/08/15/what-is-the-perception-of-library-value-in-the-developing-world-2/). By Nell McCreadie, Group Marketing Manager, SAGE. Amina Adamu Bagudu, Department of Library and Information Science Kulliyyah of Information and Communication Technology International Islamic University Malaysia and Hauwa Sadiq Ramat, Library University of Maiduguri Borno State, Niger.
4Integration of academic libraries' e-services into universities' learning management systems (LMS) can be seen as one aspect of advancing the higher education management. Libraries' e-services delivered within a learning context can facilitate the process of teaching and contribute to the quality of students' learning. Academic libraries' e-services integrated into universities' learning management systems demand but at the same time develop information literacy skills of their users - students and teachers. Successful information literacy instruction programs are not only oriented to teaching information literacy skills but also to designing learning environment that demands usage of information literacy skills within the context where these skills are necessary. The research outlined in this paper was conducted to explore the effects of integration of academic libraries’ e-services into learning management system at the university and its possible impact on the process of teaching and learning. This paper is focused on the teachers’ perception of the effects of such integration and their views on the possible impact on their teaching activities and on students’ learning. The results of the interviews with teachers show that teachers’ opinions about the integration of libraries’ e-services into learning management system are mostly positive.
In addition, they report the immediate benefits for their teaching activities as well as for their students which consequently makes academic library more visible and accessible. Teachers pointed out that the major benefit of the integration of library eservices into the learning management system was a better usage of academic library and its resources.
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http://ideas.repec.org/h/tkp/mklp13/533-538.html 5For the past century, change occurred rapidly in professional industry and has posed significant challenges to those who always try to be the leader in the professional field. The information waves or some called the information revolution triggered by the rising of networking technologies and personal computers has also impacted to an institution that is quite unknown to some but essential to the community, the library institution. Libraries, as we know of as buildings with stacks of books, magazine, news, files, periodicals and signs of 'silence' all around, may face its extinction someday. One may not run to the library or a librarian for information, but to one's own computer which is the basic of automation.
The uprising of globalization, mercerization, and privatization had brought significant changes the long-held political and economic beliefs. Governments and social sponsors have been propagating that social institutions—be they hospitals, schools, colleges, and libraries—become self-sufficient if they are to purposefully work and demonstrate their relevance and competence to their clients. Institutional excellence will now have to be achieved through the arm race of technologies rather than through rules, regulations and controls. Librarians and information managers, therefore, are being asked to generate revenue to become self-sustaining as much as possible.
In Malaysia, libraries and information centers have begun to realize that marketing of information products and services is an integral part of administration, especially as a means for improving user satisfaction and promoting the use of services by current and potential users. The main arsenal for libraries in Malaysia can utilize would be the automated library system and integration of automated library system.
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http://www.studymode.com/essays/Review-Of-Related-Studies-1397981.html
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1Academic libraries are dependent on the academic institution of which they are part. They formulate their mission, vision, goals and objectives based on the mission, vision, goals and objectives of their parent organization. They plan activities in congruence with the plans of the academe. And they support the academic and research needs of the students and faculty members of the academe. As stated by Budd (1998), “the academic library is part of the politics, part of the culture and part of the response of its parent institution, whatever affects higher education, affects academic libraries” (p.6). He then enumerates the changes that academic libraries face and these include: changes in financial support, changes in curricula and programs and changes in demographics of students. In addition it can safely be said that changes in technology and the exponential growth of information also affect academic research practices and, of course, the delivery of library services.
Digital technology paved the way for new information sources and formats. It has also changed the way by which information is used, delivered and processed. Aside from issues in organization, storage and retrieval, a greater issue that confronts academic libraries today is “on how to remain relevant in the digital era, mindful of low budgets and resentment on the part of institutional administrators” (Anunobi & Okoye, 2008, p.1). Seemingly, some would argue that libraries would soon become extinct due to the proliferation of the Internet. Van Reenen (2001) in a later study shows these factors that brought about changes in library practice: decrease in the purchasing power of academic libraries, increase in the borrowing between libraries, and continued pressure on library budgets due to inflation. Troll (2002) also discussed in-depth the said changes that be set academic libraries and stressed the fact that the reasons for the changes are not clear since some variables were overlooked in the process of identifying the changes. He pointed out that “traditional library performance measures do not cover the full scope of how libraries are changing or explain why these changes are occurring” (p. 101). He argued that traditional library performance measures should be coupled with an in-depth analysis of the environmental factors that influence library use in order to have a clearer understanding of the changes in the library setting.
History would show that academic institutions encountered changes similar to what is observed today. History would also show that measures of evaluating performances and services have also been changing. The following section would show a brief account of library standards in the US, including the standards developed by library associations and accrediting bodies.
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(114 JPL 27 (1&2): pp. 109-150) http://paarl.wikispaces.com/file/view/Evaluation+of+Standards+for+Acad+Libraries.pdf AN EVALUATION OF STANDARDS FOR ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN THE PHILIPPINES, KATHLEEN LOURDES B. OBILLE 2A good library speaks of its excellence in the following manners; the qualities of its library services; the use of the students; the quantity and quality of its books; acquisition; periodicals; manuscripts and other documents it has and support given to it by the Administration in planning, promoting and developing its library services.
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2Dr. Lino Arquiza, “The administrators Role in Developing Library Service”. p.2
3The quality of the library’s service measure the quality of an institution, efficient cataloging, documentation, printing circulation and other necessary services are marks of good libraries which reflect on good institution to which library belong.
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3Philippine Library Association, Bulletin of the Philippine Library Association. Vol. 7, Nos, 1-4. P. 53.
4”It cannot be denied that dissemination of knowledge and acquisition of information are indispensable factors our collective efforts to a build a better world for man”
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4Ferdinand Marcos, 46th General Conference International Federation of library Association and Institution. (Manila: IFLA, 1980), p. 5.
5Excellence in any institution like the National Library can be achieved only by the virtue of excellence in the library staff and such, the quality of the institution is determined by the quality of the staff. Directly related with the development of quality library staff is the salary scale to a level comparable to other competing professional groups. The institution cannot expert to attract the best elements that our society can offer. Then we, member of the library associations, are called for to do something about it now.
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5Serafin D. Quiazon, “Reflecting of the Staff Development of the National Library”, Bulletin of the National Library association. NIV (March-June 1972) p. 8.
Related Studies:
Foreign:
1User satisfaction and maximum use of library services and resources have become important topic for libraries. Many libraries, especially university libraries, are focusing on evaluation of user needs and satisfaction. User surveys can provide better understanding of user perception of service quality. Providing high quality reference service is not easy, and it needs regular feedback and assessment. In Pakistan, very few studies are conducted on the status of reference services, and there is no data available on user satisfaction with reference services of university libraries. The purpose of this survey is to get the broad understanding of user perception of and satisfaction with reference services. The survey is limited to all public sector university libraries (N=10) of the Punjab province (Pakistan) having a reasonable collection, staff, and separate reference section, as well as a reference librarian.
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1Farzana Shafique, Islamia University, Bahawalpur. http://www.studymode.com/essays/Review-Of-Related-Studies-1397981.html 2First inter-organizational tracking & tracing systems facilitate timely identification and handling of disruptions along the supply chain. However, these systems typically operate at SCM and ERP level and therefore lack knowledge and control over production processes. This paper bridges the gap between logistics and production IT by proposing a novel architecture for coupling the manufacturing operations as defined in IEC 62264 with an EPCIS-compliant real time tracking & tracing system. The system leverages logic-based complex event processing for detecting critical disruptions in the supply chain and Initiates rescheduling of production. It is shown that in the presence of unexpected events the rescheduling algorithm minimizes delays and inventory costs while avoiding “nervous schedules” caused by frequent changes. As proof of concept a reference implementation of the architecture is realized within a discrete production line.
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2http://www.studymode.com/essays/Review-Of-Related-Studies-1397981.html Title: Production Scheduling for Manufacturing Execution System
Author: Steffen Lamparter, Lars Jordan
3Particularly the Regional Medical Libraries, are taking he NN/LM an active role in research as well as developing and promoting tools that demonstrate library value.
The NN/LM Mid Continental Region (NN/LM MCR) is working on value of libraries studies throughout the Mid Continental Region (Utah, Colorado, Wyoming, Kansas, Nebraska, Missouri). The research project is led by the J. Lottes Health Sciences Library at the University of Missouri Columbia. Staff for the research project consists of library staff and a consultant: the Principal Investigator, Deb Ward; Mary Ellen Sievert, Research Consultant; Dirk Burhans, and Barb Jones. The study will survey library users to establish how they use the library and how their library supports their patient care, teaching and research. There is a core set of questions which each library participating in the study will use, but the survey is flexible enough to include additional questions should the library conducting the survey wish to add them. The survey has been tested with three clinical departments at the university and with users of the state-wide MAHEC Digital Library. It will later be implemented at three hospital libraries in Missouri, the health sciences library at the University of Colorado, and three hospital libraries in Colorado.
The Mid Continental Region also developed tools for health sciences library use – a Value Library Services Calculator (http://nnlm.gov/mcr/evaluation/calculator.html) adapted from the Massachusetts Library Association and then adapted for the web by Chelmsford Public Library that provides a monetary assessment of the worth of a library to an institution. Using a web-based form, libraries can enter the number of uses of a resource multiplied against the estimated cost of providing the resources to determine a value of the resource against its use.
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http://nnlm.gov/mar/about/valuerelated.html
4The Controller General’s Department (CGD) in Thailand has recently implemented a new government electronic transaction system to provide better and faster financial service to local administrations countrywide. Complaints were received over delays in revenue allocation from the central government to local administrations, and the government could not trace the cause of the delay because of the number of agencies involved in and the complexity of the transaction process.
The CGD then decided to leverage the capability of Government Fiscal Management Information System (GFMIS) and developed a project called “Be Fast to Local Government” to solve the issues with hold-ups. “Be Fast to Local Government” can accelerate the e-transaction process to allocate revenue from tax collection to local administrations nationwide. This has transformed the entire government’s e-transaction process from one-to-one transaction to one-to-multiple receivers at the same time. The new system facilitates e-transactions with all 7,853 local administrations nationwide at once, within 1.5 hours.
The new system is slated to help the Revenue Department save transaction cost per unit, and reduce administration process at all levels. More importantly, the Local Administrations can be confident of receiving the money faster, resulting in them being able to plan their expenditure more efficiently.
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http://www.studymode.com/essays/Review-Of-Related-Studies-1320212.html 5 Denny (1993: P. 961) in her thesis addressed the problem of developing procedures to evaluate and manage the collection of a small public library. Data from three branch libraries were used including holdings and acquisition data. Evaluation of circulating nonfiction collections utilizing the methodology developed in this study produced a collection profile could be used as basis for making collection management decisions.
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5Denny, Carolyn Ann King. A survey of User’s Attitudes Towards the Resources and Sources of the Three University Libraries in Saudi Arabia, Dissertation Abstract International, 55 (1995)
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Chapter 3
METHODS AND PROCEDURE
This chapter presents and discusses briefly the method of research, respondents of the study, sampling techniques/method, tabular method of the respondents, data gathering tool, validation of research instrument, data gathering procedure, and statistical tools used in carrying the study.
Research Design. In order to secure adequate and reliable information and pertinent data for this study, the researchers used descriptive research. It involved description, recording, analysis and interpretation of condition that exist. Include some types of comparison or contrast relationship between existing non-manipulating variables.
Respondents of the Study. The respondents of the study were the BSMT students from 2nd year and 3rd year student of the University of Cagayan Valley. We used One Hundred students as sampling tool.
Table 1
Distribution of the respondents as to Gender
Gender
Frequency
Percentage%
Male
90
90%
Female
10
10%
Total
100
100%
Data Gathering Tool: A tool used by the researchers to gather data from the respondents called questionnaire.
Sampling Techniques: The Five Hundred Nine total of 2nd-3rd of BSMT student as the population of this study. The only desired sample size will only be one hundred person. The method of sampling to be used is the simple random sampling, because it focuses to a certain groups of random BSMT student’s male and females.
Methods and Techniques: A questionnaire shall be the instrument to be used by the researchers in collecting data and information needed for their study. These questionnaires shall be personally floated to their respondents to ensure one hundred percent retrieval. However, the questionnaire shall be tested to the other students to validate it before it will be answered by the respondents.
Tabular presentation of the respondents: It shows the distribution of the respondents as the researchers gathered from them which are presented in tabulated data.
Table 1.a
Distribution of the respondents as to Age
Course & Year
Age
Frequency
Percentage %
BSMT 2nd & 3rd Year Students
17
26
26%
18
36
36%
19
27
27%
20
8
8%
21
3
3%
22
1
1%
TOTAL
100
100%
Table 1.b
Distribution of the respondents as to Gender
Gender
Frequency
Percentage %
Male
90
90%
Female
10
10%
Total
100
100%
Table 1.c
Distribution of the respondents as to Civil Status
Civil status
Frequency
Percentage %
Single
100
100%
Married
0
0%
Total
100
100%
Table 2
Distribution of the respondents as to Religion
Religion
Frequency
Percentage %
Roman Catholic
97
97%
Methodist
1
1%
Born Again
1
1%
The church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints
1
1%
Total
100
100%
Table 2.a
Show the range which corresponds to description and numbers
Number
Range
Description
5
4.51-5.00
Always
4
3.51-4.50
Often
3
2.51-3.50
Regularly
2
1.51-2.50
Sometimes
1
1.00-1.50
Never
Validation of the research Instrument:
Data Gathering Procedure: Permission to conduct study at the University of Cagayan Valley shall first approved by the college Dean and noted by a teacher in Fundamentals of Research. Then it will be floated to every room where target respondents shall answer.
Statistical Tool:
A tool used by the researchers to get the percentage and the mean weight of responses of the respondents. After the questionnaire float the data were tallied and were tabulated. The following statistical tools were used in testing and analyzing the gathered data. On the profile of the respondents, frequency count and percentage were used using the formula:
Where: P = Percentage
P = x 100 F = Frequency or Number of occurrences N = Number of cases 100 = Constant
As for the perception of the respondents on effectiveness of the shipboard familiarization program activities were analyzed using the formula:
Where: = Mean
__________________
A Research Study Presented to the Faculty of Fundamentals Of Research
_________________
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree In Bachelor of Science in Marine Transportation
_______________
By:
By: John Paul A. Bernardo Jose Rafael A. Perez
2013TABLES OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
Title ------------------------------------------------ i
Approval --------------------------------------------- ii
Dedication ------------------------------------------- iii
Acknowledgment --------------------------------------- iv
Table of Contents ------------------------------------ v
CHAPTERS:
Chapter I - THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction ------------------------------------ 1
Conceptual Frameworks --------------------------- 2
Research Paradigm ------------------------------- 3
Statement of the problem ------------------------ 4
Significance of the study ----------------------- 5
Scope and Delimitation -------------------------- 6
Chapter II- REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
Related Literature ------------------------------ 7
Foreign ----------------------------------------- 8
Local ------------------------------------------- 9
Related Studies --------------------------------- 10
Foreign ----------------------------------------- 11
Local ------------------------------------------- 12
Chapter III- METHODS AND PROCEDURE
Research Design --------------------------------- 13
Respondents of the study ------------------------ 14
Sampling techniques/methods --------------------- 15
Tabular presentation of the respondents --------- 16
Data Gathering Tool ----------------------------- 17
Validation of the research instrument ----------- 18
Data Gathering Procedure ------------------------ 19
Statistical tool -------------------------------- 20
Chapter IV - PRESENTATION ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
Presentation of Data ---------------------------- 21
Analysis of Data -------------------------------- 22
Interpretation of Data -------------------------- 23
Chapter V- SUMMARY OF FINDINGS CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Findings ---------------------------------------- 24
Conclusion- ------------------------------------- 25
Recommendation ---------------------------------- 26
Bibliography ------------------------------------ 27
Appendices -------------------------------------- 28
Curriculum Vitae -------------------------------- 29
APPROVAL SHEET
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Bachelor of Science in Marine Transportation, this research study entitled, “Shipboard Familiarization Program of the Bachelor of Science in Marine Transportation on the Services of the Library of the University of Cagayan Valley: An Assessment”, has been prepared and submitted by the following students, John Paul A. Bernardo and Jose Rafael are hereby recommended for oral examination.
Dr. Carlito T. Perlas Adviser
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Above all, the researchers wish to express with sincerest appreciation and gratitude all those who support and assist towards the completion of this research. First and foremost, to our almighty God who made all things possible and enable the researchers to overcome challenges in life, for without Him, this piece of work would have not been realized. Immeasurable debt of gratitude is humbly expressed to the following. Dr. Carlito T. Perlas, research study adviser, for his invaluable assistance, infinite support and encouragement to finish this research work. 2/E Henry B. Pagaddu, Dean of College of Maritime Education, for granting permission and approval in order us to float the questionnaire. Ma’am Julie Anne Ferrer, statistician, or her valuable technical assistance and expertise in statistics.
DEDICATION
To the College of Maritime Transportation students or Cadets and Instructors who have continually inspired and encourage us to go on and finished the study.
To our relatives, group mates and all our friends and families who were our source of inspirations.
Above all, to Almighty Father whose constant presence was felt through and through.
We dedicated this humble piece of work.
Chapter 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction:
Library has increased with the complexity of our society. The rapid growth of technology has meant that many gadgets and equipment have appeared and continuous progress of the world the help of the Science and Technology. Library is considered the heart of the school it is expected to be taken care of for its normal functioning day by day.
Many students, workers, and researchers need varies value information that are provided by the library and giving them important data that they need. At the same time libraries are progressing as the whole world progress.
The world we live it seems so easier now because of the fast growing high technology that were given by the inventors. In the same phase of this statement, we have to aim the perception of the students in a particular library, are they satisfied regarding the services provided by the library, and are they comfortable.
Library is derived from the French word "librairie" in Latin "liber" means book. It is an organized collection of information resources made accessible to a defined community for reference. It provides physical or digital access to material, and may be a physical building or room, or a virtual space, or both. A library's collection can include books, periodicals, newspapers, manuscripts, films, maps, prints, documents, microforms, CDs, cassettes, video tapes, DVDs, e-books, audio books, database, and other formats.
A library is organized for use and maintained by a public body, an institution, a corporation, or a private individual. Public and institutional collections and services may be intended for use by people who chose not to — or cannot afford to — purchase an extensive collection themselves, who need material no individual can reasonably be expected to have, or who require professional assistance with their research.
In addition libraries are expected with provision to ensure maximum and availability of collection of all references needed, there by showing the satisfactory use of the library materials through adequate range and quality services. Administration should enforced proper coordination between the faculty and the library staffs in promoting effective use of library resources by the students.
Modern libraries are increasingly being redefined as places to get unrestricted access to information in many formats and from many sources. They are extending services beyond the physical walls of a building, by providing material accessible by electronic means, and by providing the assistance of librarians in navigating and analyzing very large amounts of information with a variety of digital tools.
In the Philippines, the national library can trace its history to the establishment of the Museo-Biblioteca de Filipinas (Museum-Library of the Philippines), established by royal order of the Spanish government on August 12, 1887. It opened on October 24, 1891 at the Casa de la Monedain Intramuros, then home of the Philippine Mint, with around 100 volumes and with both Julian Romero and Benito Perdiguero as director and archivist-librarian, respectively.
Romero resigned in 1893 and was briefly replaced by Tomas Torres of the Escuela de Artes y Ofícios in Bacolor, Pampanga (now the Don Honorio Ventura College of Arts and Trades), who in turn was replaced by Don Pedro A. Paterno on March 31, 1894. By that time, the library had moved to a site in Quiapo near the present site of the Masjid Al-Dahab. Later on, Paterno published the first issue of the BoletindelMuseo-Bibliotecade Filipinas (Bulletin of the Museum-Library of the Philippines) on January 15, 1895.
The Museo-Biblioteca was abolished upon the onset of the America colonization of the Philippines. By the time of its abolition, the library held around 1,000 volumes and averaged around 25-30 visitors a day. The entire collection would later be transferred at Paterno's expense to his own private library, of which some books would form the basis for the Filipiniana collection of subsequent incarnations of the national library. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library)
In the University of Cagayan Valley, library offers student’s service such as informational service, Wi-Fi connection, and internet connection. In this way, the University of Cagayan Valley is getting for the best in uplifting the quality and training of the students as the costumers of the institution.
The University of Cagayan Valley operates with the open shelves and internet system. Book holdings are classified according to the Dewey decimal classification schemed, it consists of different section namely; the general reference section; periodicals; reserve section; circulation; filipiniana and reading room.
Many students found it difficult to utilize the services just like the BSMT students perceptions in the library regarding of their services which in the internet system there are no printing machine provided to the students that they can use therefore, this is one of the reason which struck the researcher’s decision to conduct a research in order to know and evaluate how tertiary students perceive in the delivery of services of the library.
Conceptual Frameworks:
Library is being offered in the school of all the universities in the Philippines. It helps the students to overcome their counterparts upon their studies.
The perception of the BSMT students on the services of the library shall aim to asses by researchers. The quality of services and information that are provided by the library affects given by them, it is therefore indispensable that the library must provide a better service and equipments for the students.
A more functional and effective library then it is conceptualized with any as all of the following:
1.a. Holdings
1.b. Staff
Fig. 1 Paradigm of the study:
The input box includes two components: the personal profile of the respondents and their perception to the services offered by library to them.
The second box shows the process in correlating the respondents' perception on the services of the library to them.
The last box shows the findings on the relations of the respondents' effects according to their personal profile. An arrow will affect the respondents' profile and so on.
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT
Fig. 1
Feedback
Statement of the Problem:
The study assessed the services of the Library among the BSMT students of the University of Cagayan Valley.
Specifically, it shall seek to answer the following:
1. What is the personal profile of the respondents relative to:
1.a. Age
1.b. Gender
1.c. Civil Status
1.d. Religion
2. What is the perception of the respondents on the services of the Library:
2.a. Holdings
2.b. Staff
3. Is there a significant relationship between the perception of the respondents on the services of the Library when groups according to their profile?
Hypothesis:
This study was premised by lone hypothesis:
1. There is no significant relationship between the perceptions of the respondents as to the services of the Library when grouped according to profile.
Significance of the Study: This study determined how effective the services of the Library in giving them satisfaction to the students. It provides more idea about the Library services and the results of this study will help the following:
School Administrator. The study provides them some information on how they can help the Library Staff specially in providing them a well-planned on how to provide the students more services that can be offered. Students. This study will help the students know the services that are provided by the library. Parents. The study will provide them information about the fees of their children. Librarian. This study will help them to ease their works.
Researchers. The study will serve them as foundation or reference to their studies connected to this. Future researchers. This study will use the results as initial data for a more extensive study of libraries and library services in any other given setting.
Scope and Delimitation: This study focuses on the perception of BSMT students of the services of the Library of UCV. The respondents solicited for this study is 3rd year students of Bachelor of Science in Marine Transportation. Their profile was gathered and also their insight about the Library services offered to them. Definition of Terms:
The following terms used in this study was defined theoretically and operationally to facilitate better understanding of this research work.
Accession record. The accession record gives essential facts acquisition of each book in the library.
Card catalog. This is the index of the collection of books in the library.
Cultural books. Books concern with materials that are design to meet the needs of the students in their basic subjects wherein values are integrated.
DDC. It is stand for Dewey decimal classification.
Dewey decimal classification scheme. It is the classification of books in the library which was derived by Melvin Dewey.
Filipiniana. It is defined as printed materials dealing about the Philippines written by Filipino and Foreign Authors.
Reference book. These are books that are primarily for consultation rather than for consecutive reading, and may not be taken out from the library like encyclopedia, etc.
Reserved books. These are books that have been prescribed by different faculty members of the school.
Library Service. This is the service rendered to the faculty, students and the Public in the circulation of books whether this maybe a reserved book service or a reference service.
Chapter 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITRETURE AND STUDIES This chapter has purpose presenting studies and literature that are connected to this study. This will help us for showing more comprehensive outlook on the conduct of this study.
Related Literature:
Foreign:
1The researcher has found various methods of services are functioning in Information science focuses on understanding problems from the perspective of stakeholders and then applying information and other technologies as needed. In other words, it tackles systemic problems first rather than individual pieces of technology within that system. In this respect, information science can be seen as a response to technological determination, the belief that technology "develops by its own laws, that it realizes its own potential, limited only by the material resources available, and must therefore be regarded as an autonomous system controlling and ultimately permeating all other subsystems of society." Within information science, attention has been given in recent years to human computer interaction, group ware, the semantic web value sensitive design, interactive design processes and to the ways people generate, use and find information. Today this field is called the Field of Information, and there are a growing number of Schools and Colleges of Information. The uses of Information technologies or IT in different facets of everyday life are considered as a barometer of a country’s progress. Dramatic improvements are taking place in the two major components of IT: Computers and Telecommunication and these both have affected the entire scenario (1). The Impact of information technologies on the library is quite obvious as it has created new types of work, prompted redefinition of certain functions, influenced interpersonal relationships and transformed traditional organization structures into new institutional entities(2). This study is southern districts of Tamil Nadu is being included four districts are Madurai, Ramanathapuram and Sivaganga; these are focal places of educating in southern part of Tamil Nadu in India. These districts having around 150 institutions are available. We have distributed the questionnaires only colleges of Arts and science, Para Medical, Engineering and Technology only 145 questionnaires distributed and were received only 120 questionnaires the academic institutions libraries. This is one of the significant attempts carried out for the research. Different methods adopted by the library users in searching the legal database by the users are identified. An attempt is made to assess the service quality; use of various search engines and impressions of the law libraries is presented. Some of the popular journals and databases used are listed (3).In the present situation, higher education is bound to opt for the unavoidable shift from the culture of print to a culture of digital technology. This affects teaching, learning and research and also the whole of higher education.
_____________
1http://www.webpages.uidaho.edu/~mbolin/baskaran.htm 2Computer-based automation was initially incorporated into library operations as a mechanism for handling the routine functions of running a library such as circulation, cataloging, acquisitions, interlibrary loan and serials control (Fecko, 1997). Since the 1990s, technology has continued to develop, often faster than library professionals can convincingly cope with. Additionally, the availability of the Internet has brought about dramatic changes in libraries, especially institutional libraries, in terms of how they collect, organize and disseminate information. Perceptions of digital libraries vary and evolve over time, and many definitions for digital libraries have been proposed. The concept of a digital library means different things to different people. Even the key players in the development and use of digital libraries have different understanding of digital libraries. To librarians, a digital library is another form of a physical library; to computer scientists, a digital library is a distributed text-based information system or a networked multimedia information system; to end users, digital libraries are similar to the World Wide Web (www) with improvements in performance, organization, functionality, and usability (Fox, Akscyn, Furuta, & Leggett, 1995). Borgman (1999) added that two competing visions of digital libraries stimulate more discussions on the definition of a digital library by researchers and practitioners.
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2http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2142&context=libphilprac
3A common concern that our global library partners often raise with us is that the role of the academic library in supporting teaching and research staff is not fully understood. Too often, library patrons fail to fully understand the origins of the resources that they are using and how they are able to access them.
A new study released this week by SAGE tells a similar story, with librarians in the developing world becoming increasingly aware of the need to communicate the value of their academic libraries. The study explored opinions of both the library and academic teaching and research community to understand how the library is perceived.
One finding of the study is that most evaluation of value is based on what is in the library’s resource collection. There are few external drivers to demonstrate quality or value; unlike in the UK where National Student Survey scores are just one ways libraries are being evaluated. The case studies illustrated that developing country libraries recognize the importance of evaluating the level of support and service that they provide. As one librarian pointed out, having access to the range of high-quality material is not enough. In order to demonstrate and affect the library’s value for stakeholders, the behavior and perceptions of faculty need to be changed, “it is a process of reinvention in order to reinforce support for faculty in their teaching and research roles”.
Citing developing research partnerships, integrated teaching, research services and literacy instruction as part of the ‘reinvented’ librarian role, the study highlighted a number of areas where librarians are beginning to actively engage with faculty, exploring additional services to offer their faculty patrons.
Some librarians have moved further in this. The University of Maseno, Kenya and National Technical University, Ukraine, have developed integrated teaching practices, supporting both the development of digital media literacy skills amongst students and introducing training around electronic resource collections to ensure that information skills are embedded from the start. Yet, although perceived well by faculty, librarians noted that there is a lack of “cohesive offerings in librarian services in addition to traditional roles of collection development and information skills.”
Asked about the biggest challenge to demonstrating library value and gaining support one librarian remarked: “faculty don’t take it upon themselves to communicate what they want from the library. We try to engage them, but they are not forthcoming.” The study highlighted areas of disconnect between the librarians and their faculty, most notably between what librarians see as important means of communication, and communication that faculty report as being effective –– be this communication of services or the awareness of the physical and online presence of the library.
For librarians to understand the perceptions of faculty and students and to know how to work collaboratively and influence them, effective marketing is required. Case studies indicated that there is clear need for better promotion of resources, awareness raising and skills development. However, this is not just a case of internal promotion, but also a case of developing external relationships with the scholarly community to promote advocacy for the library.
Librarians recognize the need for investing in the marketing of the library as a whole. However the reality of constraints on human, material and financial resources and time mean that librarians need to be smart in identifying ways of building relationships at a senior level and offering additional services to promote their value, which are both effective and scalable.
Demonstrating value for institutional stakeholders has become an increasingly important activity in academic libraries around the world. The concept of library value can de defined in several ways: value for users in the level of support and services provided; value for the parent institution in contribution to institutional missions and goals; or economic value for return on investment.
We undertook this project as an extension of the LISU study to better understand how libraries can better support teaching and research staff in developing countries, and what publishers can do to aid this collaboration. ________________
3(http://connection.sagepub.com/blog/2013/08/15/what-is-the-perception-of-library-value-in-the-developing-world-2/). By Nell McCreadie, Group Marketing Manager, SAGE. Amina Adamu Bagudu, Department of Library and Information Science Kulliyyah of Information and Communication Technology International Islamic University Malaysia and Hauwa Sadiq Ramat, Library University of Maiduguri Borno State, Niger.
4Integration of academic libraries' e-services into universities' learning management systems (LMS) can be seen as one aspect of advancing the higher education management. Libraries' e-services delivered within a learning context can facilitate the process of teaching and contribute to the quality of students' learning. Academic libraries' e-services integrated into universities' learning management systems demand but at the same time develop information literacy skills of their users - students and teachers. Successful information literacy instruction programs are not only oriented to teaching information literacy skills but also to designing learning environment that demands usage of information literacy skills within the context where these skills are necessary. The research outlined in this paper was conducted to explore the effects of integration of academic libraries’ e-services into learning management system at the university and its possible impact on the process of teaching and learning. This paper is focused on the teachers’ perception of the effects of such integration and their views on the possible impact on their teaching activities and on students’ learning. The results of the interviews with teachers show that teachers’ opinions about the integration of libraries’ e-services into learning management system are mostly positive.
In addition, they report the immediate benefits for their teaching activities as well as for their students which consequently makes academic library more visible and accessible. Teachers pointed out that the major benefit of the integration of library eservices into the learning management system was a better usage of academic library and its resources.
______________
http://ideas.repec.org/h/tkp/mklp13/533-538.html 5For the past century, change occurred rapidly in professional industry and has posed significant challenges to those who always try to be the leader in the professional field. The information waves or some called the information revolution triggered by the rising of networking technologies and personal computers has also impacted to an institution that is quite unknown to some but essential to the community, the library institution. Libraries, as we know of as buildings with stacks of books, magazine, news, files, periodicals and signs of 'silence' all around, may face its extinction someday. One may not run to the library or a librarian for information, but to one's own computer which is the basic of automation.
The uprising of globalization, mercerization, and privatization had brought significant changes the long-held political and economic beliefs. Governments and social sponsors have been propagating that social institutions—be they hospitals, schools, colleges, and libraries—become self-sufficient if they are to purposefully work and demonstrate their relevance and competence to their clients. Institutional excellence will now have to be achieved through the arm race of technologies rather than through rules, regulations and controls. Librarians and information managers, therefore, are being asked to generate revenue to become self-sustaining as much as possible.
In Malaysia, libraries and information centers have begun to realize that marketing of information products and services is an integral part of administration, especially as a means for improving user satisfaction and promoting the use of services by current and potential users. The main arsenal for libraries in Malaysia can utilize would be the automated library system and integration of automated library system.
______________
http://www.studymode.com/essays/Review-Of-Related-Studies-1397981.html
Local:
1Academic libraries are dependent on the academic institution of which they are part. They formulate their mission, vision, goals and objectives based on the mission, vision, goals and objectives of their parent organization. They plan activities in congruence with the plans of the academe. And they support the academic and research needs of the students and faculty members of the academe. As stated by Budd (1998), “the academic library is part of the politics, part of the culture and part of the response of its parent institution, whatever affects higher education, affects academic libraries” (p.6). He then enumerates the changes that academic libraries face and these include: changes in financial support, changes in curricula and programs and changes in demographics of students. In addition it can safely be said that changes in technology and the exponential growth of information also affect academic research practices and, of course, the delivery of library services.
Digital technology paved the way for new information sources and formats. It has also changed the way by which information is used, delivered and processed. Aside from issues in organization, storage and retrieval, a greater issue that confronts academic libraries today is “on how to remain relevant in the digital era, mindful of low budgets and resentment on the part of institutional administrators” (Anunobi & Okoye, 2008, p.1). Seemingly, some would argue that libraries would soon become extinct due to the proliferation of the Internet. Van Reenen (2001) in a later study shows these factors that brought about changes in library practice: decrease in the purchasing power of academic libraries, increase in the borrowing between libraries, and continued pressure on library budgets due to inflation. Troll (2002) also discussed in-depth the said changes that be set academic libraries and stressed the fact that the reasons for the changes are not clear since some variables were overlooked in the process of identifying the changes. He pointed out that “traditional library performance measures do not cover the full scope of how libraries are changing or explain why these changes are occurring” (p. 101). He argued that traditional library performance measures should be coupled with an in-depth analysis of the environmental factors that influence library use in order to have a clearer understanding of the changes in the library setting.
History would show that academic institutions encountered changes similar to what is observed today. History would also show that measures of evaluating performances and services have also been changing. The following section would show a brief account of library standards in the US, including the standards developed by library associations and accrediting bodies.
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(114 JPL 27 (1&2): pp. 109-150) http://paarl.wikispaces.com/file/view/Evaluation+of+Standards+for+Acad+Libraries.pdf AN EVALUATION OF STANDARDS FOR ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN THE PHILIPPINES, KATHLEEN LOURDES B. OBILLE 2A good library speaks of its excellence in the following manners; the qualities of its library services; the use of the students; the quantity and quality of its books; acquisition; periodicals; manuscripts and other documents it has and support given to it by the Administration in planning, promoting and developing its library services.
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2Dr. Lino Arquiza, “The administrators Role in Developing Library Service”. p.2
3The quality of the library’s service measure the quality of an institution, efficient cataloging, documentation, printing circulation and other necessary services are marks of good libraries which reflect on good institution to which library belong.
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3Philippine Library Association, Bulletin of the Philippine Library Association. Vol. 7, Nos, 1-4. P. 53.
4”It cannot be denied that dissemination of knowledge and acquisition of information are indispensable factors our collective efforts to a build a better world for man”
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4Ferdinand Marcos, 46th General Conference International Federation of library Association and Institution. (Manila: IFLA, 1980), p. 5.
5Excellence in any institution like the National Library can be achieved only by the virtue of excellence in the library staff and such, the quality of the institution is determined by the quality of the staff. Directly related with the development of quality library staff is the salary scale to a level comparable to other competing professional groups. The institution cannot expert to attract the best elements that our society can offer. Then we, member of the library associations, are called for to do something about it now.
________________
5Serafin D. Quiazon, “Reflecting of the Staff Development of the National Library”, Bulletin of the National Library association. NIV (March-June 1972) p. 8.
Related Studies:
Foreign:
1User satisfaction and maximum use of library services and resources have become important topic for libraries. Many libraries, especially university libraries, are focusing on evaluation of user needs and satisfaction. User surveys can provide better understanding of user perception of service quality. Providing high quality reference service is not easy, and it needs regular feedback and assessment. In Pakistan, very few studies are conducted on the status of reference services, and there is no data available on user satisfaction with reference services of university libraries. The purpose of this survey is to get the broad understanding of user perception of and satisfaction with reference services. The survey is limited to all public sector university libraries (N=10) of the Punjab province (Pakistan) having a reasonable collection, staff, and separate reference section, as well as a reference librarian.
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1Farzana Shafique, Islamia University, Bahawalpur. http://www.studymode.com/essays/Review-Of-Related-Studies-1397981.html 2First inter-organizational tracking & tracing systems facilitate timely identification and handling of disruptions along the supply chain. However, these systems typically operate at SCM and ERP level and therefore lack knowledge and control over production processes. This paper bridges the gap between logistics and production IT by proposing a novel architecture for coupling the manufacturing operations as defined in IEC 62264 with an EPCIS-compliant real time tracking & tracing system. The system leverages logic-based complex event processing for detecting critical disruptions in the supply chain and Initiates rescheduling of production. It is shown that in the presence of unexpected events the rescheduling algorithm minimizes delays and inventory costs while avoiding “nervous schedules” caused by frequent changes. As proof of concept a reference implementation of the architecture is realized within a discrete production line.
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2http://www.studymode.com/essays/Review-Of-Related-Studies-1397981.html Title: Production Scheduling for Manufacturing Execution System
Author: Steffen Lamparter, Lars Jordan
3Particularly the Regional Medical Libraries, are taking he NN/LM an active role in research as well as developing and promoting tools that demonstrate library value.
The NN/LM Mid Continental Region (NN/LM MCR) is working on value of libraries studies throughout the Mid Continental Region (Utah, Colorado, Wyoming, Kansas, Nebraska, Missouri). The research project is led by the J. Lottes Health Sciences Library at the University of Missouri Columbia. Staff for the research project consists of library staff and a consultant: the Principal Investigator, Deb Ward; Mary Ellen Sievert, Research Consultant; Dirk Burhans, and Barb Jones. The study will survey library users to establish how they use the library and how their library supports their patient care, teaching and research. There is a core set of questions which each library participating in the study will use, but the survey is flexible enough to include additional questions should the library conducting the survey wish to add them. The survey has been tested with three clinical departments at the university and with users of the state-wide MAHEC Digital Library. It will later be implemented at three hospital libraries in Missouri, the health sciences library at the University of Colorado, and three hospital libraries in Colorado.
The Mid Continental Region also developed tools for health sciences library use – a Value Library Services Calculator (http://nnlm.gov/mcr/evaluation/calculator.html) adapted from the Massachusetts Library Association and then adapted for the web by Chelmsford Public Library that provides a monetary assessment of the worth of a library to an institution. Using a web-based form, libraries can enter the number of uses of a resource multiplied against the estimated cost of providing the resources to determine a value of the resource against its use.
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http://nnlm.gov/mar/about/valuerelated.html
4The Controller General’s Department (CGD) in Thailand has recently implemented a new government electronic transaction system to provide better and faster financial service to local administrations countrywide. Complaints were received over delays in revenue allocation from the central government to local administrations, and the government could not trace the cause of the delay because of the number of agencies involved in and the complexity of the transaction process.
The CGD then decided to leverage the capability of Government Fiscal Management Information System (GFMIS) and developed a project called “Be Fast to Local Government” to solve the issues with hold-ups. “Be Fast to Local Government” can accelerate the e-transaction process to allocate revenue from tax collection to local administrations nationwide. This has transformed the entire government’s e-transaction process from one-to-one transaction to one-to-multiple receivers at the same time. The new system facilitates e-transactions with all 7,853 local administrations nationwide at once, within 1.5 hours.
The new system is slated to help the Revenue Department save transaction cost per unit, and reduce administration process at all levels. More importantly, the Local Administrations can be confident of receiving the money faster, resulting in them being able to plan their expenditure more efficiently.
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http://www.studymode.com/essays/Review-Of-Related-Studies-1320212.html 5 Denny (1993: P. 961) in her thesis addressed the problem of developing procedures to evaluate and manage the collection of a small public library. Data from three branch libraries were used including holdings and acquisition data. Evaluation of circulating nonfiction collections utilizing the methodology developed in this study produced a collection profile could be used as basis for making collection management decisions.
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5Denny, Carolyn Ann King. A survey of User’s Attitudes Towards the Resources and Sources of the Three University Libraries in Saudi Arabia, Dissertation Abstract International, 55 (1995)
Local:
Chapter 3
METHODS AND PROCEDURE
This chapter presents and discusses briefly the method of research, respondents of the study, sampling techniques/method, tabular method of the respondents, data gathering tool, validation of research instrument, data gathering procedure, and statistical tools used in carrying the study.
Research Design. In order to secure adequate and reliable information and pertinent data for this study, the researchers used descriptive research. It involved description, recording, analysis and interpretation of condition that exist. Include some types of comparison or contrast relationship between existing non-manipulating variables.
Respondents of the Study. The respondents of the study were the BSMT students from 2nd year and 3rd year student of the University of Cagayan Valley. We used One Hundred students as sampling tool.
Table 1
Distribution of the respondents as to Gender
Gender
Frequency
Percentage%
Male
90
90%
Female
10
10%
Total
100
100%
Data Gathering Tool: A tool used by the researchers to gather data from the respondents called questionnaire.
Sampling Techniques: The Five Hundred Nine total of 2nd-3rd of BSMT student as the population of this study. The only desired sample size will only be one hundred person. The method of sampling to be used is the simple random sampling, because it focuses to a certain groups of random BSMT student’s male and females.
Methods and Techniques: A questionnaire shall be the instrument to be used by the researchers in collecting data and information needed for their study. These questionnaires shall be personally floated to their respondents to ensure one hundred percent retrieval. However, the questionnaire shall be tested to the other students to validate it before it will be answered by the respondents.
Tabular presentation of the respondents: It shows the distribution of the respondents as the researchers gathered from them which are presented in tabulated data.
Table 1.a
Distribution of the respondents as to Age
Course & Year
Age
Frequency
Percentage %
BSMT 2nd & 3rd Year Students
17
26
26%
18
36
36%
19
27
27%
20
8
8%
21
3
3%
22
1
1%
TOTAL
100
100%
Table 1.b
Distribution of the respondents as to Gender
Gender
Frequency
Percentage %
Male
90
90%
Female
10
10%
Total
100
100%
Table 1.c
Distribution of the respondents as to Civil Status
Civil status
Frequency
Percentage %
Single
100
100%
Married
0
0%
Total
100
100%
Table 2
Distribution of the respondents as to Religion
Religion
Frequency
Percentage %
Roman Catholic
97
97%
Methodist
1
1%
Born Again
1
1%
The church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints
1
1%
Total
100
100%
Table 2.a
Show the range which corresponds to description and numbers
Number
Range
Description
5
4.51-5.00
Always
4
3.51-4.50
Often
3
2.51-3.50
Regularly
2
1.51-2.50
Sometimes
1
1.00-1.50
Never
Validation of the research Instrument:
Data Gathering Procedure: Permission to conduct study at the University of Cagayan Valley shall first approved by the college Dean and noted by a teacher in Fundamentals of Research. Then it will be floated to every room where target respondents shall answer.
Statistical Tool:
A tool used by the researchers to get the percentage and the mean weight of responses of the respondents. After the questionnaire float the data were tallied and were tabulated. The following statistical tools were used in testing and analyzing the gathered data. On the profile of the respondents, frequency count and percentage were used using the formula:
Where: P = Percentage
P = x 100 F = Frequency or Number of occurrences N = Number of cases 100 = Constant
As for the perception of the respondents on effectiveness of the shipboard familiarization program activities were analyzed using the formula:
Where: = Mean
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