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10. Which 1997 law provides guidance on the use of encryption?
The Security and Freedom through Encryption Act of 1997
11. What is intellectual property (IP)? Is it afforded the same protection in every country of the world? What laws currently protect it in the United States and Europe?
Intellectual property is recognised as a protected asset in the United States. The U.S Copyright laws extend this privilege to the published word, including electronic formats. Fair use of copyrighted materials includes their use to support news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and a number of other related activities, so long as the use if for educational or library purposes, not for profit, and is not excessive. As long as proper acknowledgement is provided to the original author of such works, including a proper description of the location of source materials(citation) and the work is not represented as one’s own, it is entirely permissible to include portions of someone else’s work as reference.
The laws that currently protect it in the United States and Europe are the; Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) and Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA).
12. How does the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 affect information security managers?
Executives working in firms covered by this law will seek assurance on the reliability and quality of information systems from senior information technology managers. In turn, IT managers will likely ask information security managers to verify the confidentiality and integrity of those same information systems in a process in the industry as sub-certification.
13. What is due care? Why should an organization make sure to exercise due care in its usual course of operations?
An organisation increases its liability if it refuses to take measures known as due care. Due care has been taken when an organisation makes sure that every employee knows what is

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