RNA based Therapeutics

Special Report
Introduction
Millions of years , human population continuously suffered from infections diseases or identical disease of other wild primate population. However , over the past 11000 years the most important infections disease of modern food-producing human population also include as a type of disease emerged. At this moment let us reflect some serious diseases that gave a great impact towards a country and towards our world. In 10 May 2003 Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) , Influenza H1N1 , Yellow fever ,Hemophilia and porphyria and etc had bring impacts towards our life. Life is wonderful , we can have money , we can have wealth , we can buy everything but one of the things that we cant buy is our health.
As compare to old days , human are more concern and take a good care of their health. We start well take care and know the important of health is actually our wealth. Hence medical field become as a tools to help us to “repair “ourselves whenever we having health issues.
Technology treatment for various disease are well developed , according to Disabled World (2014) the average life span expectancy of all people in the world is current 66.26 years old. As a human being , we want to live longer than what the average stated hence healthcare place an important role to get ourselves healthier. Research had shown , nowadays people are generally live longer than the average statistical of 66.25 years old.
Health issues become more concern , yet diseases are everywhere which we cant escape from anyone of it , hence advance medical treatment are need to treat most infectious disease as well as some genetic disorder and cancers. RNA-based Therapeutics is a scientific ideas that bring a hope to human that suffer in diseases and give them a chance to be better, live longer with their families.
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History of human disease
According to Diamond and Panosian, 2006 , an earlier formation noted most of the infection diseases of temperate zone seems to be located overwhelming in the “early world such as countries like Asia , Europe and Africa which have more domestic aniamls compared to other countries.
This five stages leading to endemic human diseases . In Stage 1 , a microbe that is present in animals but that has not been detected in human under natural condition. Stage2 a pathways of transmitted among human and animals without transmitting among human in a natural condition. Stage 3 , animals pathogens that undergo only few cycles of secondary transmission between humans, so that occasional human outbreaks triggered by a primary infection soon die out .Stage 4 , disease that exists in animals and that has a natural cycle of infecting human by primary transmission from the animals host but that also undergoes long sequences of secondary transmission between human without the involvement of animals hosts.
Current development of medical field technologies for these disease in human life
One of the major classes of proteolytic enzymes is Matrix metallopproteinases (MMPs) involved in tumour invasion. There are connection of new MMPs have been focus of attention in connection between cancer metastasis because of their own characteristic of degrade collagen of IV type , a major constituent of the vascular basement since it is tethered to the plasma membrane.
There are few type of cancer treatment in current development technology
1. Surgery – can prevent cancer in spreading the viruses and it often cure offers the greatest chance of cure when the cancer tissue haven’t spread among the body.
2. Chemotherapy – known as chemo is using drugs and medicine to treat cancer. This treatment give a control over your cancer cell
3. Radiation Therapy – using high energy particles to destroy the cancel cells , it is the most common treatment for cancer
4. Targeted Therapy – a newer type of cancer treatment using drug and other chemical combination to target and attack the cancer cell and reduce the damage towards others normal cells
5. Immunotherapy - use your own immune system to defense the cancer cell
6. Hyperthermia – idea of using heat to treat cancer , this therapy allow precise delivery of heat a
7. Stem cell transplant – transplant of bone marrow and stem cell transplant used to treat cancer
8. Photodynamic therapy – a drug treatment called photosensitizing agents , with light to kill cancer cells
9. Lasers in cancer treatment – laser is a powerful light can use instead scalpels for carefully surgical work and able to treat cancers
10. Blood product donation and transfusion – transfusion of blood and blood product sued to replace when a person are bleeding. This treatment are concern to how blood os donated and transfused this relate to people with cancer.

Scientific ideas hope to humanity
Scientific ideas that I proposed towards hope to humanity is the RNA-based Therapeutics which is an essential molecule in cellular biology, translating genetic instructions encoded in DNA into the production of the proteins that enable cells to function. Hence , production of protein is a central factor in most human disease and disorders. With the new scientific ideas of RNA-based Therapeutics will generally focus for a range of condition including genetic disorders , cancer , and infection disease are being developed. It used to silence the expression of defective or overexpressed genes. There are some important reason of this RNA-based Therapeutics ideas which bring a better life for patients who suffer from disease and help those individual to have a healthier life with the new medical protection. As we can observe , diseases are everywhere as a human being we need to protects ourselves from being infections .Unfortunately , there are some human being having some kind of disease that current medical technology are not able to cure it . As a hope towards patient who suffer the diseases pain, this RNA-based Therapeutics may give them a chance for having a better and new life . The increasing disease rate had scare each of us , nothings are more valuable than our health , we can have a clean and nice environment ,a high technology advancement lifestyle but there will meant to nothing if we don’t have a healthier body to live in .
What is RNA ?
RNA is a part of a group molecules which includes carbohydrates , protein and lipid formed together to major macromolecules forms. It made up of long chain of components , nucleotides. Ribose sugar , a phosphate group and a nucleotide base are consist in each nucleotide. This formation allow RNA to encode genetic information in every organisms of mRNA used to carry genetic information that directs protein synthesis. Cells build or manufacture proteins are called as protein synthesis , a process which information transferred from DNA to RNA and then from RNA to proteins.
RNA-based Therapeutics
Protein synthesis is central figure by RNA , it regulate the gene expression and catalyze reactions through the process transmission. RNA control the human gene consist of genetic material that will bring some diseases.Hence , it is an opportunities exist for new drugs discovery for targeting RNA. RNA is validated when the drug been targeted.In addition , RNA is different from DNA which it is a complex structure of secondary and tertiary which a single stranded to derive the interactions. Hence these two structure is responsible for the biological activity of RNA.

According to Mouldy Sioud (2010) RNA-based Therapeutics is expected to cure some serious disease by using the functional genomics and drug target validation which is a type of protein synthesis and to a lesser transmission of genetic information are RNA which are basically same as DNA as mostly people known it.. RNA-based Therapeutics is a mRNA molecules with special sequences transmitted and it acts as an agent to the patient cells , in addition with the therapeutic effect translate them into specific protein. RNA-based therapeutics will not have temporary changes to the cell either by increasing or decreasing in a rapid ways which are different from other treatments. Based on the emerging technology articles on RNA-based therapeutics the technology are in vivo delivered which joint to produce a new generation of RNA-based drug. This RNA-based drug are more targeting to the protein synthesis

Critical discussion

In this sections , i would like to evaluate some benefits and disadvantages of having RNA-based therapeutics to help improve humanity. Firstly , with this technology help people and give hope to those cancer , genetic disorder , infectious disease patient and etc a chance to live more . At this moment you are reading this , have you ever think that one day you might be one of them , we doesn’t predict future so with this RNA-based therapeutics help more human to survive for a better society culture living. Secondly, it bring a new changes towards medical field which in future , more experiment and research might be done for helping more different serious disease to have a cure . An in-depth research might be done in future according to this RNA-based therapeutics technology.
On the other side , implementing a new technology involves huge costs. It doesn’t mean you can start it immediately without financing supports. The high cost of operating this technology might be a challenge. In addition , if some parties willing to support in term of financing they might charge it at a very premium price which no most people in the world can enjoy the RNA-based therapeutics. Rich country citizens might have the chances of having RNA-based therapeutics to cure some diseases, but what about some poor countries in the world? There will be unequally and not fair to them. No matter what colour of skin we have , our religion , and etc , we are still human. We cure diseases together and fight for our life. The human value might not seem important if the cost of having this RNA-based therapeutics is charge at a high premium prices.
Global scope in nowadays world
“Century of migration” called by most political scientist in twenty first century said that unpredictable volume and speed of human mobility are perhaps the most manifestations of nowadays globalization. From international tourist to war displace refugees. The movement of human mobility are potential of factors involved in the transmission of infectious diseases. Over the next 15 years , as the global population continue to grow and between economic and social status range of poor and rich hence therapeutics for infectious disease had become hardly to reach to those poor people which incur higher cost of treatment .

Focus
Degree of challenge in developing this technology might be very high but there are some ways to make this development of technology success to the end. Issues on the end product of RNA-based therapeutics might sell at a premium price , hence it become a burden to people that need this type of treatment. Corporation among countries might be one of the solution to lower down the cost of RNA-based therapeutics. Among countries , can give support and help in term of financing to lower cost of the treatment needed .Besides , some world’s largest global health organization such as Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, founder Bill Gates and his wife concern on disease vaccines , nutrition and others to give fund to many largest and most worldwide health organizations around the world. In addition, with funds from world health organization it help some people who needed this treatment to enjoy this technology development. Furthermore , problems of the high premium price got to reduce by supporting from different health organization around the world .
When you’re sick , there are fears and motivations that you will struggles. Some patient with infectious disease they waiting for a hope , a choice , a better treatment that can cure there illness. Recover from sickness and be with together with their family and be a normal individual are their dreams. We might take our own health as granted , but there are many people out there who really need a healthy body. In concern of this , this RNA-based therapeutics is potential hope for humanity in our world
Macroenvironment that affect science and technology
Political
According to Daft (2012) , the legal political dimension includes government regulations at the local , state , and federal levels as well as political activities designed to influence an organizations. In developing this RNA-based therapeutics technology , there are some legal policy problems might arise which is the decision of government department towards this development .Different countries have different government department and different decisions hence some politician in a country might not encourage RNA-based therapeutics.
On the other hand , politician that support this RNA-based therapeutics development to the specific health department to encourage uses of this , it will benefit the citizen that need this treatment of help.
Economics
Global economic can be affected if serious infectious for example the severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS) spread in Hong Kong in 10May 2003 will generally bring the economic down and the whole global market transition to Hong Kong. Countries with less diseases are encourage by tourists which will bring up the economics. Besides that , if a particular country that have RNA-based therapeutics which able to cure most cancer and infectious diseases , people from other country might purposely travel to that particular country to have the therapeutics. At the same time , that particular country economic will raise.
Social
Sociocultural place an important role in implementing a technology because medicine affected the everyday lives of people , from the religion-based medicine of antiquity to the super-scientific medicine today (PlattD,2002). Different age classes of people have different perspective on medical treatment. Some religion such as Jehovah’s Witnesses don’t believe in medicine or medical treatment for examples blood transfusion, complex surgeries can be successfully performed without blood transfusion.
Technology
Technological dimension of the general environment includes scientific and technological advancement in a specific industry as well as in society at large (Daft 2012). Advancement in technology has generally impact towards RNA-based therapeutics in term of researches and development. Higher degree level of technological advancement bring the task of investigating more easier compare to lower technological advancement. Advances in technology drive competition among medical and towards more scientist to develop and do more researches
Legislative
Each country has their own legislation, different law and acts protections towards every sector of industry. For example , in Australia medicine that brought into and taken out maybe subject to controls under Customs (Prohibited Imports) Regulations 1956 or the Customs (Prohibited Exports) Regulations 1958. In addition , there are world association of medical to protect medical services and certain rules and regulation. As for example , If there are no medical law protection ,patients doesn’t be protects and feel secure.
Business opportunities

We are living in a reality life which we can’t only do what we dream, yet we need to incur some reality costing , operating and administrative. In business perspective , to make this RNA-based therapeutics technology more common use and affordable in the market are important to fulfill the purpose of humanity. There will be not use if this technology are not able to place in the market and consume by others .
In term of economics , the people who need this treatment in worldwide which we called as demand , and the supply which is the RNA-based therapeutics technology should be balance at its equilibrium level. Which the supply is equal to the demand , hence the price are not able to charge at premium prices for example $100,000 for a single RNA-based therapeutics treatments. The ways to make the market equilibrium is increase the supply because , as we know there are many patient worldwide needed this technology hence the demand are dramatically high. This RNA-based therapeutics should be able to develop in more countries as possible , for example when a certain countries are able develop this technology should invite scientists and doctors around the world to have a conference. In the conference , it should also provide the opportunities to learn and doctors from worldwide should bring that knowledge back to their own country and start develop RNA-based therapeutics to help people in particular country.
In term of financing cost of equipment and materials , my suggestions of this would be countries from worldwide should gather and form an organization or world health organization around the world should help to promote this RNA-based therapeutics to people around and ask for funds and donations. It is not like those funding targeted to the citizen , but target to those large pharmacy , suppliers of medical equipment , social status people to make a proposer to them about RNA-based therapeutics. Hence through them , funds and corporate business will formed and each sector will fulfill their wants in this businesses .
In term of operating , large hospital in every country should have this RNA-based therapeutics at the first launch moment which create interest to others smaller and private hospital to also include this RNA-based therapeutics to help patients around the worlds.
Hence , from different sectors the cost can be reduced by increasing the supply which make this RNA-based therapeutics common around the worlds .
Conclusion

RNA-based therapeutics is a hope towards people that suffer from genetic disorder , infectious patient ,and cancer patients in the hospital . They cant control there sickness although that is their own body. Sometime we take our own health as granted , want to compete among each other in term of car , property , gadgets , IT , and etc but why don’t we just on step back and think about people that really need help in some corner of the world. Their only dreams might just want to be recover and live together with their families , some of them might just want to live in their own house instead of hospital having medication treatment everyday. They need RNA-based therapeutics help them to have a chance, at least something that can bring their dreams come true by curing their diseases.