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PEOPLE AND ORGANISATION – MOTIVATION APPLICATIONS

1. What is MBO?
MBO (Management By Objectives) is a motivational technique in which the manager and the employee work together to set employee goals.
How to make MBO work?
There are 4 common ingredients of MBO which is:-
Specific goals
Participative decision making
Explicit time period
Feedback on goal progress

2. What is employee involvement program? Describe how can a manager use them to effectively motivate others.
Employee involvement program is a participative process that uses the entire capacity of employees and is designed to encourage increased commitment to the organization’s success.
A manager can motivate others effectively by:
Participative Management
Representative Management
Quality Circles
Employee stock Ownership Plans (ESOP)
Participative Management is a process in which subordinates share a significant degree of decision-making power with their immediate superiors. Meaning to say improve the company by sharing the decision making of employee.
Representative Management means that workers participate in organizational decision making through a small group of representative employees.
Examples:
Work councils – groups of nominated or elected employees who must consulted when management makes decisions involving personnel
Board representatives – a form of representative participation; employees sit on a company’s board of directors (meeting) and represent the interests of the employees.
Quality Circles is a work group of employees who meet a regular to discuss their quality problems, investigate causes, recommend solutions and take corrective actions.
Employee stock Ownership Plans (ESOP) means that company-established benefits plans in which employees acquire stock as part of their benefits

3. Explain how to enhance motivation through job enrichment, job enlargement and job rotation.
Job enrichment is the vertical expansion of jobs, increasing the degree to which the

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