Role of Music in Social Change

THE ROLE OF MUSIC
IN BRINGING ABOUT SOCIAL CHANGE

Term Paper Project
Presented in partial fulfilment
Of
The requirement for
THE MASTER OF SOCIAL WORK DEGREE
UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI

Mrs. Vaijayanta A. Jagtap Jason Rasquinha (Guide) (Student)

College of Social Work
Nirmala Niketan
38, New Marine Lines
Mumbai-400020

MARCH 2013
Acknowledgement
I would firstly like to express my endless gratitude to my guide Prof. Vaijayanta Anand Jagtap for being an endless source of inspiration, knowledge and encouragement to put my passion for music into the paper. Secondly I would like to thank Ms. Marisa Lobo for the idea of writing this paper on my most thrilling hobby, Music. I would also like to thank Mr. Sambhaji Bhagat who shared with me the history of change music in Maharashtra as well as his experiences of being a singer and activist for the issues of Dalit emancipation. I would like to thank Sr. Anitha Chilamkuri who helped me by translating the Telugu lyrics of Gaddar. Finally I would like to thank my father, Mr. Merwyn Rasquinha for providing me with the convenience of a domestic internet connection and my sister Christabelle D’Souza for the use of her laptop.

Table of Contents

Title Page Number
List of Abbreviations 5
Introduction 6
Awakening 6
Genres in India and the West 7
Striking a Chord with the Masses 8
Countering the Dark Reflections of Music 8
Friction and Harmony 9
The Meaning of Music in the Indian Scenario 9
One with the Crowd 10
Rationale 11
Tuning into Pain 12
African-American Slavery 12
The Blues 13
Blues among the Crops 14
War Time Blues 15
Birth of the Ghetto 15
Rap and Hip-Hop 19
Swaying to Oneness 23
Counter Culture and the Vietnam War 23
The Power of Flowers 25
Woodstock 26
John

Bibliography: BBC News. (2007, May 27). Retrieved November 02 2012, from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/6695695.stm Bhagat, S Bhattacharjee, M. (2012, April 23). Outlook India. Retrieved November 05 2012, from http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?280545 "Bob Marley" Borthwick & Moy (2004). Popular Music Genres. Edinburgh, University Press. Pp. 42-60, 77-118 Bristol and Slavery Charles Perry, The Haight Ashbury: A History, Wenner Books; Reprint edition (30 Mar 2007), 320pp Civil Rights Movement Vetrans Cozzens, L. (1998, June 22). Watson.org. Retrieved February 05 2013, from http://www.watson.org/~lisa/blackhistory/civilrights-55-65/sit-ins.html Dalit Singer Ends Life on a Tragic Note Dougan, Clark (1984). A Divided Nation, Boston: Boston Publishing Company. Dunn, S. (Director). (2005). Metal: A Head Bangers Journey [Motion Picture]. Dye, D. (2007, February 22). The Birth of Rap: A look Back. Retrieved February 19 2013, from NPR Music : http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=7550286 Free Online Research Papers Guggenheim, D. (Director). (2011). U2: From the Sky Down [Motion Picture]. Guttentag, B. (Director). (2009). Soundtrack of a Revolution [Motion Picture]. Guy Carawan, C. C. (1992). Sing for Freedom: The story of the CIvil Rights Movement told through its Songs. Bethlehem, Penselvania : Sing Out Publications. Jamaica History. (2011). Retrieved February 26 2013, from Jamaica Independence.com: http://www.jamaica-independence.com/history.html Jamaica- History and Heritage Kadam, K. N. (1991). Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar and the Significance of his Movement: A Chronology. Bombay: Popular Prakashan. Khan, A Kumar, P. K. (2006, November 02). Untouchable Spring. Retrieved February 19 2013, from http://untouchablespring.blogspot.in/2006/11/song-of-gaddar.html Lopez, K Oliver, P. (2006). Broadcasting the Blues. New York: Routledge Taylor & Francis Group. Paul Oliver, f. b. (1994). Blues Fell this Morning. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. Perception. (2011, December 06). Retrieved November 05 2012, from http://english.atulthakur.com/2011/12/06/dalit-panther-split-the-ideological-differences/ Pineau, D Prayer Foundation. (2006). Retrieved January 27 2013, from http://prayerfoundation.org/bob_marley_died_christian.htm Rediff News Roberts (1923), "A Review of the Gandhi Movement in India", Political Science Quarterly, p. 229 Robinson, W Rose, T. (1994). Black Noise. Honover: University Press of New England. Rudolf Heel (2006). The Beatles and their Influence on Culture. Taken from: http://is.muni.cz/th/108918/ff_b/The_Beatles_and_Their_Influence_on_Culture.pdf Salzman, Eric (1988) Sherinian, D. Z. (2008, October 10). The Hindu: Friday Review Chennai and Tamil Nadu. Retrieved November 04 2012, from http://www.hindu.com/fr/2008/10/10/stories/2008101050590300.htm Sit-ins and Their Impact on the Civil Rights Movement Teltumbde, D. A. (2012, May 06). Counter Currents. Retrieved November 05 2012, from http://www.countercurrents.org/teltumbde060512.htm The Vietnam War Tumblr . (n.d.). Retrieved August 05 Sunday, 2012, from http://www.tumblr.com/tagged/collective-consciousness-of-music ushistory.org Wankhede, H. S. (2012, April 28). Dalit Perspectives. Retrieved November 06 2012, from http://dalitperspectivejnu.blogspot.in/2012/04/dalitrpi-politics-in-maharashtra.html Wojtanek, A Yuajah. (2011, December 28). Seven Principles of Rastafari. Retrieved February 26 2013, from Rastafarianism and Jamaican Culture Blog: http://jamaicanrastafarianlove.blogspot.in/2011/12/7-principles-of-rastafari-7-principles.html