4. The New Interpreter 's Dictionary of the Bible. Vol. 2. Nashville, TN: Abingdon, 2006. Print. D-H.…
I have selected the treatment of women in the Bible and the Qur’an. Both the Bible and the Quran seem to indicate men and women were created as equals. Men and women were created together, separate form one another but for each other and to live in a mutual relationship for protection and to care for one another. In the book of Genesis 2 (page 159 in text book) it is written “And God created the human in his image, in the image of God He created him, male and female He created them.” This, as it is written, states that God created both men and women in His image therefore they should be equal in His eyes. The Qur’an says that it is equitable that the rights of women are similar to those of men. Both of these would indicate women and men are equal, however there is much evidence to the contrary.…
The author in this article questions the gender of god in the face of the onslaught of the question of the female divine; the varied criticisms and the study of the scriptures where God declares to Moses “I am that I am.” The article goes on to defend the male divine in that it argues from religious studies, scriptures and published studies the male nature of God from a Christian’s standpoint. Taking on certain criticisms and arguing against them point by point, the article is a reaction to the threat of women’s liberation and the wave of studies on the female divine. The author of this article goes on to reiterate the actions taken on by other religions to fall into a certain political correctness when discussing god, removing his gender which the author believes is confusing. Since the establishment of early Christianity as God is seen as the “Holy father” and Jesus as His “only Son”, the author of this article argues that God has no gender and that even with the male divine argument, God exists outside sexual differentiation. The attributes of the Male divine in God is due to the fatherhood personified in human worship of 'Him' and the female attributes come from the “female acts” that God is seen to perform according to the scriptures. Even then, the question of God's gender in this article while 'made invalid' due to God's “motherhood” still pronounces the “male divine” being that 'God' even from a Christian viewpoint due to the Jewish patriarchal nature of the Old Testament being that Jewish Theology is heavy on male transcendence. Judaism sees patriarchy as the mandate of giving life and of making reality - women need the male to “be heavy with child”, to look after the family, to carry the line from generation to generation. Thompson however argues that while this is so, the Male Divine is just a manifestation of the “wholeness” that is “God the Holy Spirit” and “Spirits” do not inhibit a corporeal body so gender does not limit them. The Dvine is…
Gonzalez claims that Gnostics gave women power that they did not have in regular society because Gnostics were focused primarily on the spirit of Christ and considered his body to be unimportant. As a result, they did not value the physical differences between men and women and granted women more power in the church. As a response to Gnosticism granting women more rights, according to Gonzalez, Christianity began to restrict women’s role in the church. As a result, women during the second century had a noticeably diminished role then they had previously held in the first century (Gonzalez 73). Therefore, whether it is in the differential treatment and enforcement of laws for enslaved Israelites or in the role of women in the church, females in the early church were treated as subservient and had their rights unfairly limited when compared to their male counterparts in both early Judaism and…
Penner, C.R., & Penner, J. J. (2003). The Gift of Sex: A Guide to Sexual Fulfillment. Kindle…
The “image of God” that R.R. discusses is the result of many factors, beginning with the Greek concept of “logos”, attributed to men as being the characteristic of rationality. Because rationality was only a trait granted to men at the time, it was assumed that God was a male figure, seeing as Jesus was a man. R.R. claims that this is derived from Aristotelian biology, which demeans women to a level less than human. Although even the Church has since discredited this ancient theory, Christology remains the patriarchal chain of command in the Church. R.R. lists some more gender-inclusive aspects of Christology, like an androgynous God, Jesus’ “ben Adam” title which involved male and female characteristics, and Jesus’ close relationship with women that lasted through to his death. She identifies two types of Christianity, patriarchal and mystical/millennialist, which both work off of the assumption of patriarchy’s legitimacy. R.R. argues that Christology must be recast to integrate modern, egalitarian anthropological beliefs, and a perception of Jesus as the paradigm for a collective Church.…
In literature, many authors expressed their opinion on this idea. Most authors state that at the time, “women were lower than men in the social hierarchy” (Karlsen). For example, “According to this opinion, that women were evil, whorish, deceitful, extravagant, angry, vengeful, and of course, insubordinate and proud” (Karlsen 69) demonstrates how women were thought of during the time of the trials and prosecutions. Men were thought to be the better, more intelligent sex and to be servers of God, which is quite the opposite of women.…
Reading the Bible from a feminist perspective is hindered by what Letty M. Russell interprets as the “hit parade of authority” (Russell, 138). This authority is that the Bible is understood to be the Word of God. Understanding its authority in this way enables readers to accept biblical contradictory, sexism, and racism (Russell, 140). More often than not, this authority obstructs feminist interpretations. Russell suggests that a feminist model of authority is inclusive in allowing feminist interpretation.…
__________. Countering the Claims of Evangelical Feminism: Biblical Responses to the Key Questions. Colorado Springs, Colorado: Multnomah Publishers, 2006.…
The Role of Women in Early Christianity. New York and Toronto: The Edwin Mellen Press, 1982.…
Throughout HIST 280 the theme of women’s roles in society has been prevalent. Women have been established throughout history as homemakers and caretakers of children, dependent on men for economic stability. This was exemplified in a Module 5 reading, which stated that piety, purity, submissiveness, and domesticity were hallmark traits of mothers, daughters, sisters, and wives1. A dichotomy has also existed: women have been categorized as either promiscuous and immoral or as domestic and submissive. For example, black female slaves were labeled as either a Jezebel: sensual, sexual, and impure, or a Mammy: maternal and “not just another slave” in Module 42. This division becomes complicated in Module 7A due to the new context of working women…
The bible is very male-centric. In the first chapter of the Bible, for example, God gives Adam the right to name the world around him. “…Adam said, this is now bone of my bones, and flesh of my flesh: she shall be called Woman, because she was taken out of Man.” This paper will explore how women are a muted group in one of the most widely known and influential books in history; the bible.…
Another verse that appears illogical to non-Christians is 1 Corinthians 14:34 NIV in which Paul writes to the following in Corinth saying “Women should keep quiet in the Church meetings. They are not allowed to speak, but they must yield to this rule as the law says.” This is straight out sexism; Sexism by dictionary definition is discrimination based on a person's sex discrimination includes being excluded from or forced to perform a certain action because of sex etc. This is what is happening here, women are…
Find one passage that defines differences how people of different genders are depicted in the text.…
For some of them, they think the Bible is a powerful weapon for its inherent gender bias. They think at the beginning of the Bible it implies that Eva has an inferior status to Adam and women are the second citizenships in the world. This kind of gender bias is also revealed in that religion has been hard on women in general. Personally I think some reason of the gender bias in the bible is because the book of the Bible is written by men not women. Besides, actually there have been more and more women leader in many churches who plays important roles in the religion and some Christians consider that women are equally loved by God with men but not man’s…