2. What was the most important result/benefit of the development of settled agricultural communities? (Chapter 1, p. 11)
3. Who were the earliest settled people in Mesopotamia and what kind of writing system did they use? (Chapter 2, section “Mesopotamia”)
4. Why did the status of women decline with the spread of agriculture? (Chapter 2, p.18)
5. Define the term “city-state.” (Chapter 2, p. 16)
6. How can we explain the absence of a formal code of law in Egypt? (Chapter 2, p. 25)
7. Define “hieroglyphics” and “papyrus.” What was their practical purpose? (Chapter 2, p.26)
8. Why did Egypt develop such a unique culture and what was their system of religious beliefs based on? (Chapter 2, pp. 23, and p. 27 “Belief and Knowledge”)
9. Provide three examples which illustrate the important role and great contribution of the Phoenicians in the history of humankind. (Chapter 3, “Phoenicia and the Mediterranean,” pp. 80-84; also read p.82 about Phoenician dyes; also read Chapter 5, pp. 128-129 "Expansion in Italy and the Mediterranean”)
10. Define “Mandate of Heaven,” “Confucianism,” “Daoism,” “Warring States Period” (Chapter 2, pp. 42-48 “The Zhou Period” and “Confucianism, Daoism, and Chinese Society,” Chapter 5, p. 142 “The First Chinese Empire”)
11. Briefly describe Persian Empire (system of government, economy, culture/religion). (Chapter 4, pp. 93-99)
12. Define “democracy” (as it existed in Ancient Greece”) and “oligarchy” (Chapter 4, pp. 107).
13. What ancient society started colonization to relieve the pressure of rapidly growing population because of the lack of farmland to support it? (Chapter 4, pp. 102-107, read all these pages!)
14. Define “Peloponnesian war” and “Persian wars”: time period, participants,