Rules of Basketball and Player

Basketball

http://www.breakthroughbasketball.com/basics/basics.html
Aim of the game
The aim of the game is to score more ‘baskets’ (points) than the opposition team. Scoring baskets can vary between one, two or three points per shot. In order to score, you must shoot the ball into the opposition’s basket hoop.

Rules of basketball
Basketball is a team sport that involves teamwork and cooperation. There are two teams with five players on the court trying to shoot the ball into a hoop and some reserves on the bench. This hoop is approximately three metres high. The basketball court is shaped in a rectangular-like court with a hoop and board on each end. The court is divided into halves by a midcourt line. The team without the ball is called the defence and the team with possession of the ball is called the offense. If the offensive team plays the ball, they must get the ball over the midcourt line within ten seconds. The consequence for not achieving this is that the defensive team gets the ball. Once the team has gone past the midcourt line (opposition half of the court), the offense are not allowed to cross back over the line or pass over the line. If so, the defensive team receives the ball. While the defence are trying to defend their basket, the offense has to dribble the ball and score points.
There are three different ways to score points. If the offensive team was to score outside the three-point arc, they would be awarded three points and from the any other shot within the three-point arc are counted as two points. If the opponent was to foul, a free throw would be given depending where the foul occurred. An example is that if the foul happened outside the three-point arc when shooting a basket, the player would be awarded three free shots for the basket. However, each shot only makes one point.
While defending and stealing the ball, there are other ways to receive the ball. These can only be received by certain violations and fouls. Fouls are any illegal physical contact with an opponent player. These physical contacts include hitting, pushing, slapping, holding and illegal pick/screen (when an offensive player sticks out a limb to block the defender). If fouls are committed, then penalties will be awarded. These penalties consist of two (when foul committed inside the arc) or three (foul outside the three point arc when a player goes for a shot) free throws depending on where the foul occurred, inbounds (if not shooting, then the ball is given to the team the foul was committed upon. They have five seconds to pass the ball) and one on one.
There are other fouls which include charging, blocking, flagrant foul, intentional foul and technical foul. A charging foul is when a player charges into a defensive player. Penalties are that the ball is given to the team the foul was committed on. Blocking fouls are when illegal contact is committed when the defender is not in correct position in the correct time. A flagrant foul is when a player makes violent contact with his/her opponent. This foul results with free throws. Intentional foul is when a player purposely makes contact with another player. Technical fouls are when foul language, obscenity, obscene gestures and arguing used in game.
Violations are breaking rules while playing. Violations include travelling, palming, double dribble, held ball, goaltending, backcourt violation and time restrictions. Travelling is when a player is taking a step and a half without bouncing the ball. Moving your foot when you stop dribbling will also count as travelling. Palming is when you are dribbling the ball too far away from yourself. Double dribble is when you bounce the ball with both hands. Picking up the dribble and then dribbling again are counted as double dribble as well. Held ball is when two or more players grab the ball at the same time. Before a tussle occurs, the referee will give one team the ball on a rotating basis. Goaltending is when a defensive player interferes with the ball while in the hoop. If this happens, the offensive team receives the point. Backcourt violation is when the ball has passed the midcourt line and is passed back or dribbled back across the midcourt line. If so, the defensive team receives the ball. Time restrictions are that you may only hold the ball for five seconds. If he/she does not pass or shoot the ball within this time, the other team is awarded the ball.

Game tactics and set plays
When playing a game of basketball, everyone single team member will be given a zone to start with. There are three main positions: Centre, Forward and Guard. Usually people in the centre are usually the tallest players of the team. Centre offense try to get the goal open for his/her teammates to shoot. As well as trying to make an open goal, they also have to block defenders. Centre defence responsibility is to block any shots passing the key area. These players are expected to get a lot of rebounds. Forward players are the next tallest players of the team. They operate near the wings and corner areas. For the offensive side, they aim to get a free pass, taking outside shots, run for goals and get the rebound. Forward defence try to prevent goals and take the rebounds. For the shortest player of the team are to guard. The shortest players generally should be able to dribble faster and pass better than any other player in their team because of atheism and agility. Their job is to get the ball down to the other side as quick as possible to set up plays for goals. For the offensive guards, they try to set up offensive shots for their team. The defensive guards focus on stealing the passes and preventing drives for the hoop.
Defensive set ups are when your team is organised in a defensive position, ready to guard the hoop. In other words, it’s like zone plays. The point of zone plays are to make it hard for the opposition team to shoot a basket or to get close to the basket. There are different positions to defend. A typical defence position is three people near the hoop and two people next to the key. Man on man is another sort of defence tactic where all the players choose one player to defend. However, attacking set ups are when you are trying for a score that is planned beforehand. These offensive sets ups are quick plays to earn points. These sort of plays should not be the team’s offensive system. The best times to use an offensive set up is after time outs, beginning of the game, end of the game, when in desperation of point, when the your offense is stationary or after the secondary break.

Bibliography:
Basketball Basics - The Rules, Concepts, Definitions, and Player Positions. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.breakthroughbasketball.com/basics/basics.html
Basketball Set Plays - Zone Plays, Man Plays, Out of Bounds Plays, Special Situations Plays. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.breakthroughbasketball.com/plays.html
Basketball Defence zone: 2-3 basic movement 1. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.jes-basketball.com/playbook/pla2-3basicmovement1.html

Bibliography: Basketball Basics - The Rules, Concepts, Definitions, and Player Positions. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.breakthroughbasketball.com/basics/basics.html Basketball Set Plays - Zone Plays, Man Plays, Out of Bounds Plays, Special Situations Plays. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.breakthroughbasketball.com/plays.html Basketball Defence zone: 2-3 basic movement 1. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.jes-basketball.com/playbook/pla2-3basicmovement1.html