Safety Management System
Maintaining a company in the sea traffic implies to accept the idea that improving sea safety depends on the human factor. A study carried out by the Institute of Shipping Economics of Bremen, Germany revealed that 75% of the accidents have been caused by two factors: 1. Heavy workload 2. Insufficient training
Another analysis was carried out by United Kingdom Protection & Indemnity Club, shows that 60% of the accidents are caused by human error. The human error is also responsible for 50% in the case of pollution, 65% in case of staff injury, and 90% in case of collisions. The Australian Ministry of Transports and Communications reported in 1992 that approx. 75% of the accidents investigated were caused by human errors.
From 1993, International Safety Management (ISM) code requires each company to implement and maintain its own Safety Management System (SMS). The safety Management system means a structured and documented unit which enables the implementation of the company policy of safety and marine pollution prevention.
In order to achieve these objectives, the shipping company establishes and maintains his own safety and marine pollution prevention policy. To guarantee safety operation of each ship and to make the proper link between shipping company and the staff on board, normally the company appoints one or more persons on-shore which have direct access to the highest management level. Among their responsibilities is the surveying the ship operation, pollution safety and prevention, assign the suitable resources and their related support on shore. A good safety and pollution prevention management both off- and on- shore implies that the operational responsibility is the ship captain’s but the overall responsibility asks for a deeper commitment of the on-shore management. The company clearly defines the captain’s responsibility as regards: implementing the policy, motivating the crew, making up the orders and checking the compliance with the specific
Another analysis was carried out by United Kingdom Protection & Indemnity Club, shows that 60% of the accidents are caused by human error. The human error is also responsible for 50% in the case of pollution, 65% in case of staff injury, and 90% in case of collisions. The Australian Ministry of Transports and Communications reported in 1992 that approx. 75% of the accidents investigated were caused by human errors.
From 1993, International Safety Management (ISM) code requires each company to implement and maintain its own Safety Management System (SMS). The safety Management system means a structured and documented unit which enables the implementation of the company policy of safety and marine pollution prevention.
In order to achieve these objectives, the shipping company establishes and maintains his own safety and marine pollution prevention policy. To guarantee safety operation of each ship and to make the proper link between shipping company and the staff on board, normally the company appoints one or more persons on-shore which have direct access to the highest management level. Among their responsibilities is the surveying the ship operation, pollution safety and prevention, assign the suitable resources and their related support on shore. A good safety and pollution prevention management both off- and on- shore implies that the operational responsibility is the ship captain’s but the overall responsibility asks for a deeper commitment of the on-shore management. The company clearly defines the captain’s responsibility as regards: implementing the policy, motivating the crew, making up the orders and checking the compliance with the specific
References: Alexiu E., Alexiu J., (2002), On the ship safety and marine and air pollution prevention management, Alma Edition, Galati, 27-215. ANR, (2005), The certification rules of ANR, (in Romanian), Regulation certification of Romanian Naval Authority, Romania Bauchet P., (1992), Le transport maritime, Économique Press, Paris. Bătrânca Gh., (2004), International Maritime Commerce, (in Romanian), vol. I, Arvin Press, Bucharest. Branch A.E., (1996), Elements of Shipping, Chapman & Hall, London. Iordanoaia F., (2006), New management for maritime companies, International Scientific Conference, Marine Science Forum, vol.1,Varna, Bulgaria, 43. Willingale M., (1998), Ship Management, Business of Shipping Series Edition, third edition, London, 297- 314