Sales and Inventory System

CHAPTER II
Review of Related Literature and Studies

Related Literature
Foreign Literature The Darien Library is ranked as one of the top 10 public libraries in the country for its size, according to Hennen 's American Public Library Rating. Darien Library holds itself to the highest possible standard of customer service. We pride ourselves on providing a fulfilling and enriching experience to all who visit us either in person or on the web. We consider hospitality to be a core component in all we do and always look forward to seeing you at the library.
One third of our operating budget comes from donations. All of our books, movies, computers, magazines, and books on CD, information resources, and programs are paid for by private donors. By becoming a Friend of the Library, you are supporting the purchasing of new materials and programs.

According to George Soros (June 1992), the Central European University Library is presently housed in the heart of the Central European University teaching site in downtown Budapest. The library building opened in 1995, with an extension added in 1997. The library premises is comprised of approximately 1,600 square meters of Open Access Area with 170 seating spaces, a closed stacks area of approximately 500 square meters, and an area for library offices.
The first library management system, known as Tinlib, was introduced in September 1993. As a result of a one-year project, Millennium, a modern, web-based library system, replaced Tinlib. The new catalog went live on July 1, 2002.The library catalog is accessible on computers throughout the Central European University campus and worldwide via the Internet.
Since its founding, the CEU Library has grown to become a medium-sized university library offering the largest collection of English-language holdings in the fields of the social sciences and the humanities in Central and East Europe.

The Rome International School libraries provide centres within the school in which teaching and learning come together. The library resources support learning in the classroom and encourage a love of reading and enjoyment of books. The Elementary School library is situated on the third floor of the school while the Middle & High School library is situated in the Study Support Suite on the fifth floor. Both libraries are staffed by full-time bi-lingual librarians. The collection contains around 12.000 items comprising of picture books, fiction and non-fiction, reference books, videos and CD-ROMs. An international section is also available allowing students to read in their own languages. Teaching resources, videos, DVDs, CD-ROMs, professional magazines, professional texts and educational catalogues are also housed in the library. All students visit the libraries on a weekly basis according to their scheduled library period. During this time they may borrow books or carry out research. Throughout the course of the year students are taught a broad range of library skills including alphabetic & numerical skills for the retrieval of material, bibliographical skills in recording sources of information and reading for research. Both libraries have access to computers providing study and research facilities. Books can be borrowed on a weekly basis, usually for a maximum of two weeks. Lower Elementary may borrow one book, Upper Elementary are allowed two books at a time. Middle School students are encouraged to choose personal reading books from the Immanuel Kant library on the fifth floor, aided by their English teacher and Librarian. They will also use the library for research and information. High School students will have full use of the Library and its services for study periods, as well as in their free time; break times, before and after school. Full supervision is guaranteed at all times. Any damaged or lost books must be paid for. Students are encouraged to use the library during break time and lunchtime when there is no scheduled class. We expect our students to be responsible and to respect the library.

Local Literature According to Robson (2001), usability is a key requirement for users, says Elisabeth Robson, Product manager for Online Computer Library Center. The catalogue has become a way to pull together disparate resources, including commercial resources and web links. Management systems also allow circulation, including check in/checkout and enable libraries to purchase materials and track where they are.

The OPAC of Miguel De Benavides University of Santo Tomas is used to access the library collections. Several units have been installed at the different sections and branch libraries for the purpose of search and retrieval information. The Online Public Access Catalog terminals are not intended for e-mail or internet searching. Searching the OPAC ▪ Choose from: Books, Journals/Periodicals, Audio Visual Materials, Theses/Dissertations, Periodical Articles and Vertical File Index, Online Databases. ▪ Search by Keyword, Title, Author, Subject, Call Number, ISBN/ISSN ▪ Type search item in the box then press "ENTER" or click "SUBMIT".

The University Library, U.P. Manila is a network of ten unit libraries namely: College of Allied Medical Professions, Arts & Sciences, Dentistry, Medicine, Nursing, Pharmacy, Public Health, and National Teachers Training Center for the Health Professions, School of Health Sciences (Palo, Leyte) and the Main Library. The libraries of the University offer well-managed, diverse collections of library resources and a knowledgeable and helpful staff.
Our primary mission is to serve the students, faculty, and staff, as well as researchers and alumni. We seek to provide material and services to support the academic, research and extension programs of the various constituents of UP Manila with welcoming, comfortable, and safe environment that promotes free intellectual exploration, research, and learning. Members of the community are also welcome to use Library facilities, consistent with our Circulation Policy and our Access to Databases Policy. This web site introduces the basic activities and gateway to information, providing access to library catalogs, periodical indexes and abstracts, electronic journals and books, reference materials, and many more web-based resources because we are committed to provide significant electronic information services to the campus community.
Users can find helpful information for the University 's system of libraries, including links to each of the branch libraries, as well as links to Libraries-wide services.

The University of the Philippines Main Library, which is the seat of library administration, is situated at Gonzalez Hall in the middle of the academic oval. It is organized into three major divisions which covers the various functional sections: (a) Technical Services Division which formulates and adopts standard acquisition, cataloging and indexing policies and procedures; (b) Administrative Services which provides support to the functional sections/units of the Library; and, (c) User Education and Services Division which lends books and provides reference, research and bibliographic services; maintains and preserve books, documents and archival materials; undertakes user education programs; and maintains computerized database applications.
It consists of eight (8) readers services sections (Filipiniana Book, Filipiniana Serials, Special Collections, Media Services, General Reference and Electronic Resources, Social Sciences, Foreign Serials, and the University Archives and Records Depository); four (4) technical sections (Acquisitions, Bibliography and Indexing / R & D, Cataloging and Computer Services); and the Administrative Services Department. Bulk of the library collection in the social sciences, general reference, foreign serials, UPiana and other special collections are found in the Main Library.
The Library’s print and non-book collection is complemented and updated by an extensive and multidisciplinary state-of-the-art electronic (CD-ROMs and online) databases which are accessible throughout the UP system. In the Main Library alone, there are 30 OPAC terminals in the first floor lobby and 24 CD-ROM/Internet browsers in the General Reference and Electronic Resources Section, made available to library users from 8:00 AM to 12 midnight on weekdays and from 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM on Saturdays. Several computers are also provided in the other sections for library clients and staff use as well. To safeguard and at the same time facilitate the circulation of library materials, a library security system with its prerequisite barcodes, barcode reader, magnetic strips, sensitizer-desensitizers and a closed circuit television were installed in the Main Library and other college/unit libraries.

The Far Eastern University Library, basically the tasks in library management include the planning of acquisitions (which materials the library should acquire, by purchase or otherwise), library classification of acquired materials, preservation of materials (especially rare and fragile archival materials such as manuscripts), the deaccessioning of materials, patron borrowing of materials, and developing and administering library computer systems. More long-term issues include the planning of the construction of new libraries or extensions to existing ones, and the development and implementation of outreach services and reading-enhancement services (such as adult literacy and children’s programming). In the past couple of years, more and more people are using the Internet to gather and retrieve data. The shift to digital libraries has greatly impacted the average person’s use of physical libraries. Between 2002 and 2004, the average American academic library saw its overall number of transactions decline approximately 2.2%. Libraries are trying to keep up with the digital world and the new generation of students that are used to having information just one click away. For example, The University of California Library System saw a 54% decline in circulation between 1991 to 2001 of 8,377,000 books to 3,832,000. These facts might be a consequence of the increased availability of e-resources. In 1999-2000, 105 ARL university libraries spent almost $100 million on electronic resources, which is an increase of nearly $23 million from the previous year. A 2003 report by the Open E-book Forum found that close to a million e-books had been sold in 2002, generating nearly $8 million in revenue. Another example of the shift to digital libraries can be seen in Cushing Academy’s decision to dispense with its library of printed books — more than 20,000 volumes in all — and switch over entirely to digital media resources. One claim to why there is a decrease in the usage of libraries stems from the observation of the research habits of undergraduate students enrolled in colleges and universities. There have been claims that college undergraduates have become more used to retrieving information from the Internet than a traditional library. As each generation becomes more in tune with the Internet, their desire to retrieve information as quickly and easily as possible has increased. There is no doubt that finding information by simply searching the Internet is much easier and faster than reading an entire book. In a survey conducted by Net Library, 93% of undergraduate students claimed that finding information online makes more sense to them then going to the library. Also, 75% of students surveyed claimed that they did not have enough time to go to the library and that they liked the convenience of the Internet. While the retrieving information from the Internet may be efficient and time saving than visiting a traditional library, research has shown that undergraduates are most likely searching only .03% of the entire web. The information that they are finding might be easy to retrieve and more readily available, but may not be as in depth as information from other resources such as the books available at a physical library.

Bibliography: and Indexing / R & D, Cataloging and Computer Services); and the Administrative Services Department. Bulk of the library collection in the social sciences, general reference, foreign serials, UPiana and other special collections are found in the Main Library. The Library’s print and non-book collection is complemented and updated by an extensive and multidisciplinary state-of-the-art electronic (CD-ROMs and online) databases which are accessible throughout the UP system. In the Main Library alone, there are 30 OPAC terminals in the first floor lobby and 24 CD-ROM/Internet browsers in the General Reference and Electronic Resources Section, made available to library users from 8:00 AM to 12 midnight on weekdays and from 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM on Saturdays. Several computers are also provided in the other sections for library clients and staff use as well. To safeguard and at the same time facilitate the circulation of library materials, a library security system with its prerequisite barcodes, barcode reader, magnetic strips, sensitizer-desensitizers and a closed circuit television were installed in the Main Library and other college/unit libraries. The Far Eastern University Library, basically the tasks in library management include the planning of acquisitions (which materials the library should acquire, by purchase or otherwise), library classification of acquired materials, preservation of materials (especially rare and fragile archival materials such as manuscripts), the deaccessioning of materials, patron borrowing of materials, and developing and administering library computer systems. More long-term issues include the planning of the construction of new libraries or extensions to existing ones, and the development and implementation of outreach services and reading-enhancement services (such as adult literacy and children’s programming). In the past couple of years, more and more people are using the Internet to gather and retrieve data. The shift to digital libraries has greatly impacted the average person’s use of physical libraries. Between 2002 and 2004, the average American academic library saw its overall number of transactions decline approximately 2.2%. Libraries are trying to keep up with the digital world and the new generation of students that are used to having information just one click away. For example, The University of California Library System saw a 54% decline in circulation between 1991 to 2001 of 8,377,000 books to 3,832,000. These facts might be a consequence of the increased availability of e-resources. In 1999-2000, 105 ARL university libraries spent almost $100 million on electronic resources, which is an increase of nearly $23 million from the previous year. A 2003 report by the Open E-book Forum found that close to a million e-books had been sold in 2002, generating nearly $8 million in revenue. Another example of the shift to digital libraries can be seen in Cushing Academy’s decision to dispense with its library of printed books — more than 20,000 volumes in all — and switch over entirely to digital media resources. One claim to why there is a decrease in the usage of libraries stems from the observation of the research habits of undergraduate students enrolled in colleges and universities. There have been claims that college undergraduates have become more used to retrieving information from the Internet than a traditional library. As each generation becomes more in tune with the Internet, their desire to retrieve information as quickly and easily as possible has increased. There is no doubt that finding information by simply searching the Internet is much easier and faster than reading an entire book. In a survey conducted by Net Library, 93% of undergraduate students claimed that finding information online makes more sense to them then going to the library. Also, 75% of students surveyed claimed that they did not have enough time to go to the library and that they liked the convenience of the Internet. While the retrieving information from the Internet may be efficient and time saving than visiting a traditional library, research has shown that undergraduates are most likely searching only .03% of the entire web. The information that they are finding might be easy to retrieve and more readily available, but may not be as in depth as information from other resources such as the books available at a physical library.