As the following case study demonstrates, a successful supply chain managment strategy can lead to lower product costs and highly competitive pricing for the consumer.
Over the past ten years, Walmart has become the world’s largest and arguably most powerful retailer with the highest sales per square foot, inventory turnover, and operating profit of any discount retailer. Walmart owes its transition from regional retailer to global powerhouse largely to changes in and effective management of its supply chain.
[Learn the strategies employed by world-class supply chain such as Walmart]
Walmart began with the goal to provide customers with the goods they wanted when and where they wanted them. Walmart then focused on developing cost structures that allowed it to offer low everyday pricing. The key to achieving this goal was to make the way the company replenishes inventory the centerpiece of its strategy, which relied on a logistics technique known as cross docking. Using cross docking, products are routed from suppliers to Walmart’s warehouses, where they are then shipped to stores without sitting for long periods of time in inventory. This strategy reduced Walmart’s costs significantly and they passed those savings on to their customers with highly competitive pricing. Walmart then concentrated on developing a more highly structured and advancedsupply chain management strategy to exploit and enhance this competitive advantage.
Components of Supply Chain Management (SCM)
The main elements of a supply chain include purchasing, operations, distribution, and integration. The supply chain begins with purchasing. Purchasing managers or buyers are typically responsible for determining which products their company will sell, sourcing product suppliers and vendors, and procuring products from vendors at prices and terms that meets profitability goals.
Supply chain operations focus on demand planning, forecasting,