sawdust as plyboard
INTRODUCTION
Background of the study The development in the construction industry all over the world is progressing. Many structures are being built, both residential and non-residential. Just like many countries, the demand for new structures in the Philippines is highly increasing. Attempts have also been made by various researchers to reduce the cost of its constituent and hence total construction cost by investigating and ascertaining the usefulness of material which could be classified as local materials. Some of these local materials are agriculture or industrial waste which includes sawdust, concrete debris, fly ash, coconut shells among others which are produced from milling stations, thermal power station, and waste treatment plant and so on. As a result of the increase in the cost of construction materials, especially cement, crushed stone (coarse aggregate), fine sand (fine aggregate); there is a need to investigate the use of alternate building materials which are locally available. Since most building construction works consist of concrete work; therefore, reduction in cost of concrete production will reduce the cost of building construction. (T. Ganiron, 2014) Sawdust or wood dust is a by-product of cutting, grinding, drilling, sanding or otherwise pulverizing wood with saw or other tool; it is composed of particles of wood. It is also the by-product of certain animals, birds and insects which live in wood (wood pecker and carpenter ant). Studies states that sawdust contains lead, cadmium, chromium, barium, arsenic and memory. (C. Lo, 2013) On the other hand, seashells are generally composed of calcium carbonate, which is secreted by the outer surface of the mantle of the shell as the creature ages. Seashells are the exoskeletons of mollusks such as snails, clams, oysters and many others. Such shells have three distinct layers and compost mostly of calcium carbonate with a small quantity of protein—no more than two percent. (F. Horne, 2010)
Background of the study The development in the construction industry all over the world is progressing. Many structures are being built, both residential and non-residential. Just like many countries, the demand for new structures in the Philippines is highly increasing. Attempts have also been made by various researchers to reduce the cost of its constituent and hence total construction cost by investigating and ascertaining the usefulness of material which could be classified as local materials. Some of these local materials are agriculture or industrial waste which includes sawdust, concrete debris, fly ash, coconut shells among others which are produced from milling stations, thermal power station, and waste treatment plant and so on. As a result of the increase in the cost of construction materials, especially cement, crushed stone (coarse aggregate), fine sand (fine aggregate); there is a need to investigate the use of alternate building materials which are locally available. Since most building construction works consist of concrete work; therefore, reduction in cost of concrete production will reduce the cost of building construction. (T. Ganiron, 2014) Sawdust or wood dust is a by-product of cutting, grinding, drilling, sanding or otherwise pulverizing wood with saw or other tool; it is composed of particles of wood. It is also the by-product of certain animals, birds and insects which live in wood (wood pecker and carpenter ant). Studies states that sawdust contains lead, cadmium, chromium, barium, arsenic and memory. (C. Lo, 2013) On the other hand, seashells are generally composed of calcium carbonate, which is secreted by the outer surface of the mantle of the shell as the creature ages. Seashells are the exoskeletons of mollusks such as snails, clams, oysters and many others. Such shells have three distinct layers and compost mostly of calcium carbonate with a small quantity of protein—no more than two percent. (F. Horne, 2010)