Nature vs. Nurture – A debate within psychology that explores the extent to which specific aspects of behavior are inherited or learnt as a result of environmental influences.…
It has been showed that schizophrenia has a tendency to run in different families. This implies that genes play a role. The closer the genetic relationship the more likely the people are to share the disorder. Gottesman (1991) showed that when both parents are schizophrenic, there is a 46% chance of the child also getting it, however, if only one parent had it, it dropped to 16% and dropped to a further 1% when the sibling of the child had schizophrenia. This suggests that a genetic factor is involved. Gottesman also looked at schizophrenics whose father had an identical twin. He found that there was a 17% of being schizophrenic when the father was but he also found that there was also 17% chance of developing the disease when the father’s twin had schizophrenia but the father didn’t.…
Driving in the winter is more difficult than the summer time. The winter roads are icy. Make driving dangerous. You can slip off the road. Plus, you can hit someone else cause of the icy roads. You have to drive slower when on the icy roads. If you have a small car, you can get stuck in the snow. You have to have good snow tires. & it’s cold.…
1.Rebecca Frey, PhD, Ruth A. Wienclaw, PhD and William A. Atkins,BB,BS,MBA (2012). Schizophrenia. ‘Schizophrenia”.The Gale Encyclopedia of Mental Health. Ed. Kristin Key.Vol 2.3rd ed, Detroit.…
There appears to be a tendency for schizophrenia to run in families. This suggests that genes and biological factors play a role in the explanation of schizophrenia.. The closer the genetic relationship the more likely the people are to share the disorder. Evidence from family studies by Gottesman showed that when both parent are schizophrenic then there is a 46% chance of the child getting it, however, if only one parent had it, it dropped to 16% and dropped to a further 1% when the sibling of the child had schizophrenia. This suggests that a genetic factor is involved. Gottesman also looked at schizophrenics whose father had an identical twin. He found that there was a 17% of being schizophrenic when the father was but he also found that there was also 17% chance of developing the disease when the father’s twin had schizophrenia but the father didn’t.…
Humans go through different developmental stages in their lifespan. As is stage occurs, an individual’s development becomes more mature. Through the four stages (infancy, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood) there are certain elements in which the individual has to master before mentally moving on to the next stage. If something abnormal happens during one of the stages the likely outcome is mental disorders such as psychosis or schizophrenia. There are biological, cognitive, and behavioral component the confusing disorders. Society has been disillusioned and undereducated by what schizophrenia actually is and how it can be treated.…
The first explanation for schizophrenia is genetic factor. Researchers have done many studies in different kind of ways in order to study genetic inheritability disorder, such as schizophrenia. The studies include family studies, twin studies and adoption studies. Family studies would investigate individuals who have schizophrenia and determine if their biological relatives are also affected more often than non-biological relatives. The most famous schizophrenic’s family study was conducted by Gottesman, 1991. They found that schizophrenia is more common among biological relatives, also the closer the degree of genetic relatedness, the greater the risk of getting schizophrenia. For example, the concordance rate of children with two schizophrenic parents is 46%, whereas the concordance rate of children of one schizophrenic parent is 13%. Twin studies give an opportunity for researchers to investigate the contribution of genetic and environmental influences. Joseph 2004 has calculated that the concordance rate for monozygotic twins, who come from the same egg of biological mother, is 40.4%, whereas the concordance rate for dizygotic twins is only 7.4%. These suggest that the greater the similarity is because of genetic factors. Adoption studies help to avoid the problem of mixing genetic and environmental influences together. The most methodological sound adoption study to date was conducted by Tienari et al. 2000. They found that 11 out…
For decades, nature versus nurture debate has been an ongoing argument among experts studying life span development. Those who believe that nature is the determining factor of development argue that genes determine an individual 's personality, attitudes, and behavior. The other side of the debate among experts is that nurture or experiences and environment have the most influence on development. Santrock states, "nature refers to an organism 's biological inheritance, nurture to its environmental experiences" (Santrock, 2007, p. 17). This paper will take the debate a little further by examining whether nature or nurture has more of an influence on children raised…
With nature versus nurture being a widely discussed debate it is easy to tie into different situations. "The debate within psychology is concerned with the extent to which aspects of behavior are a product of either inherited (i.e. genetic) or acquired (i.e. learned) characteristics” (McLeod).There is two sides to the debate nature…
One biological explanation of schizophrenia is ‘the genetic hypothesis’. Schizophrenia appears to run in families, and Gottesman (1991) has shown through a series of controlled genetic correlational studies that the likelihood of an individual developing schizophrenia is proportional to the amount of genes they share with somebody affected by schizophrenia. For example, children with two schizophrenic parents have a concordance rate of 46 per cent, monozygotic (MZ) twins have a concordance rate of 48 per cent, and dizygotic (DZ) twins have a concordance rate of 17 per cent. However, from these studies it has also been made clear that genetic factors cannot be the only explanation for schizophrenia. Although genetic studies support the argument for a genetic basis for the disorder, they have also shown that even when the relative is genetically identical – like monozygotic twins – the chance of developing schizophrenia is below 50 per cent. This implies therefore, that heredity factors are not the primary cause of schizophrenia, other factors are clearly involved. In addition to this, many researchers have suggested that the reason that schizophrenia appears to run in families could be due to common rearing patterns and…
plunge into fantasy results in a loss of contact from reality that can vary from mild to…
which there is no cure. It is a disorder that affects approximately 1% of the…
Schizophrenia is a chronic brain disorder that affects how a person behaves, thinks and feels. People that suffer from schizophrenia seem as if they are out of touch with reality as they have a hard time distinguishing between what is actual reality and what is imaginary. Schizophrenia is a complex disorder to study and treat as its symptoms are diverse and change during the course of the progression of the disorder as well as overlap with other psychiatric disorder symptoms (Pinel, 448). Symptoms of schizophrenia are divided into two categories to better understand the different complexities; positive symptoms and negative symptoms.…
Schizophrenia has emerged as one the diseases that are affecting our society at a large extent in modern days. Schizophrenia affects life of a person suffering from this disorder in thousands of ways, effects and severity of the problem varies from person to person who is suffering from schizophrenia.…
Cardno, A., & Gottesman. (2000). Twin studies of schizophrenia: from bow-and-arrow concordances to star wars Mx and functional genomics. American Journal of Medical Genetics, Spring 97(1), 12-17.…