Science Final Exam Review
Science Final Exam Review
Chemistry
Terms:
Pure Substance: a type of matter that consists of only one type of particle
Compound: a pure substance that is composed of two or more different elements that are chemically joined
Element: a pure substance that cannot be broken down by any physical or chemical means
Mixture: contains more than one type of particle
Heterogeneous Mixture: a mixture in which you can distinguish between different types of matter; also called a mechanical mixture
Homogeneous Mixture: a uniform mixture of two or more substances; also called a solution
Physical Properties: characteristics of a substance that can be determined without changing the composition of that substance * uses direct observations with five senses and measuring instruments * two types of physical properties: qualitative & quantative
- qualitative: property of a substance that is not measured and does not have a numerical value (ex: state, colour, odour, texture)
- quantative: propter of a substance that is measured and has a numerical value (ex: mass, volume, hardness, viscosity, electrical conductivity)
Chemical Properties: measures how a substance reacts with another substance * common chemical properties: combustibility (reacts with oxygen and releases heat and light), reacts with acid, reacts with water, photosensitivity (breaks down when exposed to light), chemical change (change in the starting substance and a production in a new substance) * clues that chemical change has occurred: change in colour, change of odour, bubbles, a new solid is seen (called precipitate), change in temperature or light, not easily reversed
Family: a column (groups) of elements with similar properties * four main groups: Alkali Metals, Alkali Earth Metals, Halogens and Noble Gases
Period: rows on the periodic table
Metal: an element that is lustrous, malleable, ductile and conducts heat and electricity;
Chemistry
Terms:
Pure Substance: a type of matter that consists of only one type of particle
Compound: a pure substance that is composed of two or more different elements that are chemically joined
Element: a pure substance that cannot be broken down by any physical or chemical means
Mixture: contains more than one type of particle
Heterogeneous Mixture: a mixture in which you can distinguish between different types of matter; also called a mechanical mixture
Homogeneous Mixture: a uniform mixture of two or more substances; also called a solution
Physical Properties: characteristics of a substance that can be determined without changing the composition of that substance * uses direct observations with five senses and measuring instruments * two types of physical properties: qualitative & quantative
- qualitative: property of a substance that is not measured and does not have a numerical value (ex: state, colour, odour, texture)
- quantative: propter of a substance that is measured and has a numerical value (ex: mass, volume, hardness, viscosity, electrical conductivity)
Chemical Properties: measures how a substance reacts with another substance * common chemical properties: combustibility (reacts with oxygen and releases heat and light), reacts with acid, reacts with water, photosensitivity (breaks down when exposed to light), chemical change (change in the starting substance and a production in a new substance) * clues that chemical change has occurred: change in colour, change of odour, bubbles, a new solid is seen (called precipitate), change in temperature or light, not easily reversed
Family: a column (groups) of elements with similar properties * four main groups: Alkali Metals, Alkali Earth Metals, Halogens and Noble Gases
Period: rows on the periodic table
Metal: an element that is lustrous, malleable, ductile and conducts heat and electricity;