Preview

Scratch-Resistant Lenses Research Paper

Good Essays
Open Document
Open Document
1170 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Scratch-Resistant Lenses Research Paper
Technology:
Scratch-resistant Lenses
Scratch-resistant lenses were developed by NASA by applying a diamond-like lubricating coat over plastic lenses. This application was originally used in the space program in a "dual ion-beam bonding process." Today, the coating is still used on hard resin plastic used in most eye glasses that people wear every day.
Freeze-Dried Food
Humans need food, and astronauts in space are no exception. To keep the astronauts food fresh NASA adopted the practice of freeze-drying food. This process proved effective on food and allowed for extended manned space flights such as the Apollo flights. In the process, the food is frozen and then most of the moisture is removed from the frozen object. The moisture is removed
…show more content…
· One purpose of Operation Paperclip was to deny German scientific knowledge and expertise to the Soviet Union and the UK and to divide Germany itself.
· Of particular interest were scientists specializing in aerodynamics and rocketry (such as those involved in the V-1 and V-2 projects), chemical weapons, chemical reaction technology and medicine. These scientists and their families were secretly brought to the United States, without State Department review and approval; their service for Hitler's Third Reich and the classification of many as war criminals or security threats also disqualified them from officially obtaining visas. An aim of the operation was capturing equipment before the Soviets came in. The US Army destroyed some of the German equipment to prevent it from being captured by the advancing Soviet Army.
· The majority of the scientists (almost 500) were deployed at White Sands Proving Ground, New Mexico, Fort Bliss, Texas and Huntsville, Alabama to work on guided missile and ballistic missile technology. This in turn led to the foundation of NASA and the US ICBM
…show more content…
· It was the progenitor of all modern rockets, including those used by the U.S. and Soviet Union's space programs. During the aftermath of WWII the American, Soviet and British governments all gained access to the V-2's technical designs and the actual German scientists responsible for creating the rockets, via Operation Paperclip, Operation Osoaviakhim and Operation Backfire
· The weapon was presented by Nazi propaganda as a retaliation for the bombers that attacked ever more German cities from 1942 until Germany surrendered.
· Over 3,000 V-2s were launched as military rockets by the German Wehrmacht against Allied targets during the war, mostly London and later Antwerp. The attacks resulted in the death of an estimated 7,250 military personnel and civilians, while 12,000 forced laborers were killed producing the weapons.
· http://www.metacafe.com/watch/243002/german_v2_rocket_launch_failures/

Nazi Rocket

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    military technology would have affected civilians due to the frontlines developing within civilian populated areas. Unlike militarily involved countries such as the United Kingdom and the United States of America, who entered in 1941; due to the geographical positions of these allied countries they were not affected by most land technology. Yet, the development of bombing strategies, aviation and naval capabilities allowed for enemy forces to affect even these isolated countries. Bombing became a heavily used tactic during the war, with huge bombing campaigns becoming a norm. The German offensive on Britain was one of bombing major cities and military factories. ‘At Bath the numbers known to have been killed in two air raids were 148… and the…

    • 514 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    “Convinced that German scientists could help America’s postwar efforts, President Harry Truman agreed in September 1946 to authorize “Project Paperclip,” a program to bring selected German scientists to work on America’s behalf during to “Clod War””(Laura Knight-Jadczyk). President Truman was collecting scientists to help start Project MKULTRA.…

    • 1148 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Dresden, Germany, 1945. “The British Royal Air Force (RAF) and the U.S. Air Force initiated a strategic bombing campaign in Dresden, Germany” (“Dresden Bombing” par.1). The attacks from Great Britain and the United States were prompted by earlier bomb raids conducted by Germany on British soil. With orders coming in from Arthur Harris, leader of bomb command for RAF, the bombing in Dresden began February thirteenth of the year 1945. The initial bomb raid from RAF was then later followed by 771 tons of bombs being dropped by United States aircrafts (“Dresden Bombing” par. 2-3). To this day there is still controversy around this major event. Whether it should considered a war crime against innocent civilians…

    • 779 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    B 17 Characteristics

    • 1744 Words
    • 7 Pages

    B-17’s had been greatly upgraded since their first use in Europe by the British and with an improved bombsite this first mission proved much more successful. The initial missions conducted by B-17’s in Europe were tactical bombings against manufacturing and military installations within the range of escorting fighters (Bowers 1976). However, in late 1943 B-17’s based in Italy were able to conduct strategic bombings into the previously unreachable heart of Germany. Strategic bombings allowed the Allied forces to target Germany’s industry and resources, hindering their ability to bring fuel, ammunition, and replacement weapons to the front lines. Strategic bombing into Germany did not come without its consequences, as many B-17’s were lost due to substantial and effective German fighter planes. These losses led England to abandon daytime raids and only conduct night raids; however, the United States continued daytime raids due to its increased accuracy. As a result, the day and night bombings conducted by the two countries was known as “Bombing Around the Clock.” Even still, Germany was able to rebuild their plants and get them back into production in a reasonably short amount of time and therefore the same targets…

    • 1744 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    The race to develop the atomic bomb had begun around the 1940's. World War II was still taking place, and its creation would change the game of war forever. Whoever could create it first would have the power to threaten to destroy entire regions and roll over their enemies. The information that was found during research was vital, and worth so much. Spies at the time were playing a very dangerous game because of the seriousness of the information they were giving away. A few were arrested and put in jail for years, one of them being Klaus Fuchs, a Russian spy who was arguably the most damaging during the development of the Atomic Bomb in Britain and the United States.…

    • 668 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Great Society Dbq

    • 536 Words
    • 3 Pages

    31) After the attack on Pearl Harbor, the feelings of animosity in America against Japan increased. By late 1945, the Allied leaders met in Germany with news of a secret new weapon, called the atomic bomb, created by American scientists, that was powerful enough to destroy an entire city. However, there were some feelings that the bomb was too powerful, and the leaders chose instead to send the Potsdam Declaration to Japan warning them to surrender. The Japanese military did not know about the atomic bomb and ignored the warning, so on August 6th 1945, an American bomber called the Enola Gay was dropped on Hiroshima, Japan. This blast killed an approximated 70,000 people and destroyed more than eighty percent of the city, but the Japanese still did not surrender. The US dropped a second atomic bomb, and after a furious debate in the Japanese cabinet, the emperor of Japan announced a surrender. This day on the 14th of August became known as V-J Day, for Victory over Japan.…

    • 536 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    The Race to Space

    • 1685 Words
    • 7 Pages

    The soviets, as America would soon realize, understood the potential of this technology. In 1951, The FBI received intelligence that German rocket scientists in America were being recruited by the Soviets (Kenny 4). As the early 1950s ended, the fear of the spread of communism rose not only in politicians…

    • 1685 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    Stagg Field at the University of Chicago, to the secret Los Alamos Facility in New Mexico the…

    • 655 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Since the Pearl Harbor attack, the United States sought revenge. Though, Germans were the first to claim they had a bomb before WWII was over. When the United States did not know what to do with the half-finished bomb their scientists accomplished they then realized they could drop it on Japan for attacking Pearl Harbor.…

    • 717 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    During World War II, The United States had discovered that German physicists had figured out how to separate a Uranium atom. The US feared that Nazi scientists would utilize this new energy they had created to produce nuclear weapons; giving Germany a dangerous advantage in the…

    • 826 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    scholars, some of which are for, and others against the bomb’s use. While some claim the…

    • 3252 Words
    • 14 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    2. In 1938, many people believed that Adolf Hitler had produced an atomic bomb in Germany with his scientists being able to split uranium. Hitler's racism towards Jews, however, caused many Jewish scientists to seek safety in the United States. One of these scientists that looked to America for safety was physicist Albert Einstein. Einstein, a known pacifist, ignored his beliefs and wrote a…

    • 373 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    End of WW2, Braun and the entire German rocket-development team surrendered to US troops and was taken to the US as part of Operation Paperclip. (500 people, along with plans and test vehicles).…

    • 770 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    The bomb on Hiroshima killed around 80,000 people and the bomb on Nagasaki killed around 45,000. These are very large numbers considering only two bombs were used, but are about average compared to other raids made during World War 2. Around 50,000 were killed and 37,000 wounded in the bombing of Hamburg, 25,000 were killed in the bombing of Dresden, and 225,000 were killed with 1,000,000 injured in B-29 raids made on Tokyo. The destruction caused by the atom bombs aren't as large as they seemed when put into…

    • 551 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    The Manhattan Project

    • 1812 Words
    • 8 Pages

    On the morning of August 6, 1945, a B-29 bomber named Enola Gay flew over the industrial city of Hiroshima, Japan and dropped the first atomic bomb ever. The city went up in flames caused by the immense power equal to about 20,000 tons of TNT. The project was a success. They were an unprecedented assemblage of civilian, and military scientific brain power-brilliant, intense, and young, the people that helped develop the bomb. Unknowingly they came to an isolated mountain setting, known as Los Alamos, New Mexico, to design and build the bomb that would end World War 2, but begin serious controversies concerning its sheer power and destruction. I became interested in this topic because of my interest in science and history. It seemed an appropriate topic because I am presently studying World War 2 in my Social Studies Class. The Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombings were always taught to me with some opinion, and I always wanted to know the bomb itself and the unbiased effects that it had. This I-search was a great opportunity for me to actually fulfill my interest. <br><br>The Manhattan Project was the code name for the US effort during World War II to produce the atomic bomb. It was appropriately named for the Manhattan Engineer District of the US Army Corps of Engineers, because much of the early research was done in New York City (Badash 238). Sparked by refugee physicists in the United States, the program was slowly organized after nuclear fission was discovered by German scientists in 1938, and many US scientists expressed the fear that Hitler would attempt to build a fission bomb. Frustrated with the idea that Germany might produce an atomic bomb first, Leo Szilard and other scientists asked Albert Einstein, a famous scientist during that time, to use his influence and write a letter to president FDR, pleading for support to further research the power of nuclear fission (Badash 237). His letters were a success, and President Roosevelt established the Manhattan…

    • 1812 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Powerful Essays