The humanistic perspective focuses on the positive image of what it means to be human. Human nature is viewed as the basic goodness and respect for human kind, and humanistic theorists directly focus on methods that allow fulfilment of the human potential. Abraham Maslow proposed that an individual is motivated by a hierarchy of needs. Basic needs must be met before higher ones can be satisfied. According to Maslow, there are 7 needs that the human must achieve before an individual can self-actualize. These 7 needs are arranged in a hierarchy and an individual must fulfil each need going from bottom to progress to the next need. These needs include physiological (satisfaction of hunger and thirst), safety (security), belongingness and love (being loved, avoiding loneliness), esteem (achievement, recognition, self-esteem), self-actualization (realization of one's full potential). Maslow also believed that the achievement of self-actualization is often marked by peak experiences, such as feelings of incredible peace and happiness in life activities. Carl Rogers, a clinical psychologist, used the theory of self-concept, which he defined as an organized pattern of perceived characteristics along with the values attached to those attributes. He also assumed that within each individual there is a biological drive toward growth of self-concept, which can ultimately lead to self-actualization. He felt that, to promote growth and development, ‘parents and authority figures should give a child unconditional acceptance and love’1, which allows a child to develop self-acceptance and to achieve self-actualization. Rogers also believed that for a person to achieve self-actualization, a person must be in a state of congruence. This means a person’s self-concept must match up with their actual experiences.
Sean Boswell is a ‘young 17 year old with a talent for auto mechanics’.2 Sean has lived a life of getting into trouble with the