Short Note for Banking Diploma

ATM: An automated teller machine (ATM) is an electronic telecommunications device that enables the clients of a financial institution to perform financial transactions without the need for a cashier, human clerk or bank teller. On most modern ATMs, the customer is identified by inserting a plastic ATM card with a magnetic stripe or a plastic smart card with a chip that contains a unique card number and some security information such as an expiration date or CVC (CVV). Authentication is provided by the customer entering a personal identification number (PIN). Using an ATM, customers can access their bank accounts in order to make cash withdrawals, debit card cash advances, and check their account balances.

Mobile banking is a system that allows customers of a financial institution to conduct a number of financial transactions through a mobile device such as a mobile phone. Mobile Banking is a Banking process without bank branch which provides financial services to unbanked communities efficiently and at affordable cost. To provide banking and financial services, such as cash-in, cash out, merchant payment, utility payment, salary disbursement, foreign remittance, government allowance disbursement, ATM money withdrawal through mobile technology devices, i.e. Mobile Phone, is called Mobile Banking.
Mobile banking differs from mobile payments, which involve the use of a mobile device to pay for goods or services either at the point of sale. The earliest mobile banking services were offered over SMS, a service known as SMS banking. With the introduction of smart phones with WAP support enabling the use of the mobile web in 1999, some European banks started to offer mobile banking on this platform to their customers. In Bangladesh, Bkash, a subsidiary company of BRAC Bank and Dutch Bangla Bank Ltd. Are the pioneer in mobile banking service. Recently many other banks also have started their mobile banking service.
Clayton’s Rule: Clayton's Case (1816) decided that