Simple and Fractional Distillation
SIMPLE AND FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION
*Ibale, I., Ibanez, E., Jao, E., Joson, E., Juanico, R.
2D Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santo Tomas
Abstract Distillation is a commonly used method for separating mixtures based on differences in the conditions required to change the phase of components of the mixture. The product obtained by distillation is called the distillate. Volatility is the property of changing readily from a solid or liquid to a vapor. There are two types of distillation, simple and fractional. Distillation happens when a substance is heated and the more volatile compound starts to vaporize first. Those liquids having different boiling points are being separated here in distillation. Vodka was the liquid used. The goal is to distill the vodka to produce ethanol as the product of distillate. Simple distillation is where a solution or a mixture of substances with different volatility is separated through heat. Evaporation occurs first, in which it changes from liquid state to gas state. Then, the process is called condensation wherein it changes its form from gas state to liquid state. The product is called distillate and the residue is the remains that didn’t undergo evaporation and condensation. Fractional distillation purifies more complex mixture that is why it undergoes a series of evaporation and condensation process. Fractional distillation is more efficient compared to simple distillation, It gives better separation between liquids.
Introduction
Distillation has been considered as one of the oldest and most applied chemical technique throughout history, being used for purification of liquids. Such method developed hand in hand with the early evolution of chemistry. Distillation is a method of separating mixtures based on differences in volatility of components in a boiling liquid mixture. Distillation is a unit operation, or a physical separation process, and not a chemical reaction. It is a commonly used method
*Ibale, I., Ibanez, E., Jao, E., Joson, E., Juanico, R.
2D Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santo Tomas
Abstract Distillation is a commonly used method for separating mixtures based on differences in the conditions required to change the phase of components of the mixture. The product obtained by distillation is called the distillate. Volatility is the property of changing readily from a solid or liquid to a vapor. There are two types of distillation, simple and fractional. Distillation happens when a substance is heated and the more volatile compound starts to vaporize first. Those liquids having different boiling points are being separated here in distillation. Vodka was the liquid used. The goal is to distill the vodka to produce ethanol as the product of distillate. Simple distillation is where a solution or a mixture of substances with different volatility is separated through heat. Evaporation occurs first, in which it changes from liquid state to gas state. Then, the process is called condensation wherein it changes its form from gas state to liquid state. The product is called distillate and the residue is the remains that didn’t undergo evaporation and condensation. Fractional distillation purifies more complex mixture that is why it undergoes a series of evaporation and condensation process. Fractional distillation is more efficient compared to simple distillation, It gives better separation between liquids.
Introduction
Distillation has been considered as one of the oldest and most applied chemical technique throughout history, being used for purification of liquids. Such method developed hand in hand with the early evolution of chemistry. Distillation is a method of separating mixtures based on differences in volatility of components in a boiling liquid mixture. Distillation is a unit operation, or a physical separation process, and not a chemical reaction. It is a commonly used method
References: 1. http://www.chem.umass.edu/~samal/269/distill.pdf 2. http://www.chemistry.sc.chula.ac.th/bsac/Org%20Chem%20Lab_2012/Exp.6[1].pdf 3. http://orgchem.colorado.edu/Technique/Procedures/Distillation/Distillation.html 4. http://www.chemhelper.com/distillation.html 5. http://science.howstuffworks.com/distillation-info.htm