Social Anxiety Disorders: A Case Study

DSM-5 Criteria According to the DSM-5, there must be persistent deficits in social communication and interactions that affect multiple instances to satisfy Criteria A (Nolen-Hoeksema, 2017). Deficits in social-emotions include inability to hold a normal conversation, to initiative as well as a response to social interactions, and expressing shared interests (Nolen-Hoeksema, 2017). Deficits in verbal and nonverbal communicative behaviors consist “abnormalities in eye contact and body language”, lack of facial expressions, and “lack of understanding and using gestures” (Nolen-Hoeksema, 2017, p. 288). Lastly, deficits in creating and maintaining relationships, such as difficulty in imaginative play and lack of interest in acquaintances (Nolen-Hoeksema, 2017). The DSM-5 also states that there must be at least two “restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviors, interests or activities” present for Criteria B (Nolen-Hoeksema, 2017, p. 288). Repetitive patterns in motor movements, objects or speech (Nolen-Hoeksema, 2017). Such as like lining up objects, echolalia or idiosyncratic phrases. Patients must show ritualized patterns and routine in their daily lives along with “fixated interests that are abnormal in intensity or focus” on objects or interests (Nolen-Hoeksema, 2017, p. 288). Furthermore, “hyper- or hypoactivity to sensory input or unusual interest
It was necessary for him to line up his pens up every night, and sleep exactly at eleven o’clock at night. Furthermore, he had a strict TV program that he must follow along with certain food on certain days. He mimicked sounds like the wind and the moaning of Charlie’s girlfriend was making. Ray even repeated of Charlie’s phrases, which is considered to be echolalia. Raymond was intrigued by lights at the casino, and didn’t like anyone touching him. He even kept a journal of who he was hurt by and