Social Consequences Of The Trelew Massacre In Argentina

Between 1969 and 1971 in the interior of Argentina series of protest involving workers- students were occurring in cities that were unusually violent, those cities included Mendoza, Córdoba, Rosario and Tucumán. The social attack lasted for three days which resulted in the dead of 16 people, left many wounded and 200 people was detained in what’s is knows as the Cordobazo (Soledad 2010, pp.4). These events market the begging of the end for General Juan Carlos Onganía, than the social consequences of the kidnaping and the killing of former General Pedro Eugenio Aramburu in June 1970, by the radical organization Montoneros (Graham 1975, pp. 52). Ten days following the murder Onganía was removed by the military high command. General Roberto Levingston
As a result many were recaptures and murdered by military guards and only few succeed the escape, this event became knows as the Trelew Massacre (Nino 1998, pp. 51). According to Montoneros there illegal executions consist of the detention and torture of approximately 500 people and the murder of 100 people (Soledad 2010, pp.4). This illegal repression leads to the creation of legal devices with the aim to punish political violence. The military president Alejandro Agustín Lanusse formed the National Deferal Penal Champer in May 1971. Despite these incidents and after seven years of military regime, the armed groups continued to operate the political section they managed to increase their political support and influences. While the Guevarist groups proceeded with their military strategy and the Montoneros pursued to capitalization with the hopes that Peronism power will return though elections. Those hopes were created by Perón disassembling the Great National Agreement also with the accomplishment of the alliances disregard between different political forces (Soledad 2010,
It is estimated that three million people was gathered to welcome his return. On that day when members of FAR (Revolutionary Armed forces) tried to get close to the platform, the conservative Peronist began to fire, resulting on the killing of 13 people and over 300 wounded (Moyano 1995, p.36) This incident became known as the Ezeiza massacre. The return of Perón to power only functioned to create manifests to the ideological polarization as compassion towards these political groups. The Ezeiza incident demonstrated that the occasion had turned into a trial of strength, releasing confrontations between the revolutionary sectors of Peronism and more established tendencies associated to the union bureaucracy. The head of the government quickly balanced in favor of the latter. The measurement taken was associated with the reform of the Penal code, which bought penalization for the guerrilla activist; those penalties were harsher than the previous military regime and also paved the way for those considered illegal strikes (Soledad 2010, p.