Liberals, no matter classical or modern, believe in small state. As Thomas Paine put it: "Government, even in its best state, is but a necessary evil". This concept links nicely with the idea of democracy, which literally means "rule by people". Liberals have defended democracy on the grounds that people must have a way of protecting themselves against the government and its actions. This type of democracy is also referred to as protective democracy. Moreover, democracy opens an ability for people to choose. In a pure democracy, for instance, people would vote on every occasion and policy, hence the core liberal idea of individualism would flourish in its fullest. However, in modern society it is practically impossible to have pure democracy, so we have to resort to participatory democracy. This still support the idea of individualism, as each vote counts towards the end result.…
Modern liberals believe that the state increases the level of positive freedom in society. Not everyone in society has access to the same resources as would be available to the wealthy. For example, opportunities available to the wealthy (e.g. university) would not be open to the less fortunate if it weren’t for student finance help provided by the government. The same can be said for health care, which if it weren’t for the Liberal Democrats, would be privatised by the Conservative Party, leaving the poorer section of society less able to tap into this resource. Modern liberals believe that the welfare state is an example of positive freedom, giving the poor access to resources such the NHS (health service), education, and opportunities such as employment.…
Enlightenment had an impact on liberalism as it has sketched its approach about human agency,which was perceived as being rational and responsible.It drawn attention to equal rights,which is the most important shape of equality that most liberals would like to obtain.Some critics though,have interpreted liberalism as being contaminated with values of the bourgeoisie.Liberalism also concentrates on the fact that individuals need their own space to follow with their own lifes,or that they need to have their own "conception of good".…
The three main colonial empires in the New World were the British, French, and Spanish empires. They had various differences in societal, economic, political, and religious outlooks. They also left behind some legacies, which even today seem to resonate.…
Liberals believe in government action to achieve equal opportunity and equality for all. It is the duty of the government to alleviate social ills and to protect civil liberties and individual and human rights. Believe the role of the government should be to guarantee that no one is in need. Liberal policies generally emphasize the need for the government to solve problems.…
Classical liberals believe in negative freedom. This is the simple belief in an absence of external constraints on the individual and that they should be left alone to make their own choices. In this way classical liberals were heavily influenced by the natural rights theories of John Locke and Thomas Jefferson. Jefferson claimed that we were born with certain “inalienable” rights and therefore no individual or government had the right to constrict them or take them away. Freedom from constraints is therefor an essential condition for exercising these rights. In practice this has meant that classical liberals have advocated a minimal state, what John Locke referred to as the ‘night watchman state’. The states activities should, in his eyes, be limited to the enforcement of contracts, maintaining order and protection from foreign threats to prevent the state from infringing on individual liberties as much as possible. On the other hand, modern liberals have advocated a more positive interpretation of freedom. Positive freedom can be defined as the ability to achieve true self-mastery and self-realisation in order to fulfil our individual potential. Modern liberals such as TH Green criticised negative freedom on the grounds that it failed to address the social and economic factors that can prevent individuals from achieving their full potential. Negative freedom was inadequate because it failed to remove these barriers to true self-mastery such as social disadvantage and inequality. Modern liberals have therefore proposed an enabling state. Rather than a ‘necessary evil’ as classical liberals believe, the state can be a force for good by protecting individuals against social and…
Liberalism is a political philosophy which emphasizes on the rights of an individual, and usually the rights will assure by the government. Liberalism has turned up for around 300 years, and the complexity to explain and define liberalism is increasing as there are several forms, including classical liberalism, neo-liberalism, conservative liberalism, social liberalism, libertarianism and libertarian socialism (Mastin, 2008). Although anarchism, communism, democratic socialism, social democracy, communitarianism and liberal conservatism have the same objective with liberalism which support for democracy as well as basic equality and against authoritarianism, but it does not consider as liberalism (Haar, 2015).…
In a nation with such polar political stances and opinions, I typically view myself as a liberal-leaning member of society. As a liberal, I value the rights of the individual, and the freedoms that we are born with. I take into consideration that opportunity and equality for all is an important idea that should be stressed in our society and should be carried out by our government. I also feel that it is the role of the government to eliminate social problems and protect the natural rights of each individual. I stand on the ground of eliminating the death penalty, enforcing pro-choice decisions, and accepting that Global Warming/ Climate Change is a direct result of poor human decisions and consumptions, along with many other liberal ideas.…
It targets the disadvantaged groups. The social justice principles are able to contribute in addressing health inequities in the rural and isolated areas.…
Source one is positive towards liberalism. Liberalism essentially believes that majority of people has the ability to run their own live and therefore be given the freedom to do so. As well as it also believes that by giving the freedom to people, they will act responsibly and not become avaricious and try getting more than what they are capable of. The source is saying that the ideology of liberalism explains how everyone has the ability to make their own choices in life, due to self-interest and self-reliance, and should be given the freedom to do so. By giving the freedom to people, they will act responsibly and not get too greedy and try getting more than what they are capable to get economically. Self-interest is one’s own personal interest and/or advantages; meaning that one will do something if it benefits them somehow. Self-reliance is the quality of being solely responsible for one’s own wellbeing. Freedom is the power or right to act, speak, or think as one wants without hindrance or restrain. Economics is the branch of knowledge concerned with the production, consumption, and transfer of wealth. The source is looking at liberalism as a good position for people to prosper economically, which will help both the government and citizens. A person that would agree with this source is Scottish philosopher and economist Adam Smith. He believed that if individuals were free to make their own decisions in a free market, their self-interest (invisible hand) would benefit society as a whole. Smith also believed that government should have limited intervention, and should be there only to maintain the rule of law, to ensure contracts are followed, and to provide some public works. Nations with a capitalist ideology follow this ideology. For example, the United States is a nation with a free market were its citizens are free to work wherever they want to, and to do whatever they want with their money. The United States also believe that change is good if it benefits…
Diabetes has been identified as a health priority area, however, many Australians living with diabetes are experiencing inequity within their communities. The social justice principles aim to eliminate this inequity bey developing supportive environments within communities. Social justice can be identified by using the 4 principles: Equity- equity refers to the fair allocation of resources and entitlements without being discriminated against. People in Australia are receiving more income that others making it hard to achieve an equal health status. Individuals with more money are able to access better and a variety of different beneficial health care services aiming to help those with diabetes.…
Establishing health priorities is critical to ensure that resources are used in the most effective way possible as the government is in control of how the majority of these resources are allocated. Social justice principles are the foundation for identifying priority health issues in Australia. The social justice principles include equity, diversity and supportive environments. Following these principles and identifying priority health issues experienced by particular population groups ensures the equitable distribution of resources.…
As a result of many discussions with my friends, and as a result of surfing the internet, I tend to favor the liberal ideology. And I am going to discuss three issues related to that. I believe that the government should support abortion for everyone, despite the reason, should have hands-off social freedom. Also, I think the government should have a hands-off approach on the social issue of affirmative action, which is another liberal ideology. In the end, I believe that the government should take a hands off approach to the social issue of the death penalty, which also aligns with liberal ideology.…
The concept of freedom that I would prefer to emphasize in government policy is the expansive liberty put forward by modern liberalism. I don’t agree with many of the key points that classical liberalism stands for. I don’t think the individual is more important than the state. In fact I think it’s the complete opposite. The state is more important than the individual. Without the state, there would be chaos and anarchy but without the individual there wouldn’t be such problems.…
Liberalism can be defined as a way of maintaining human dignity. The source believes that this will be achieve through little government regulation and a market economy. Although concepts of individualism are necessary to achieve this desired dignity, too little regulation is unreliable and can be dangerous to an economy as seen in many events of the past. On the other hand, too much government control can be detrimental to an individuals pride, as it renounces principles of freedom. Keynesian economic principles contradicts those of Milton Friedman, as he believes that in times of inflation or recession, intervention is necessary to preserve stability within society.. Balance is necessary in a economy to avoid fluctuations and increase the prospect of sustainability. Therefore, in order to maintain a sustainable economy while promoting human dignity, we must diminish unstable classical liberalism, while establishing social programs, and embracing progressive ideas of modern liberalism or a welfare state.…