Sociological Theories on Religion
Sociological Theories Perspectives on Religion
Christopher J. Reed
Sociology 101
Mr. Nguyen
March 14, 2011
Sociological Theories Perspectives on Religion When it comes to the social institution of religion, the three major sociological theories differ in a majority of ways. All three have their own way of how they perceive religion functions in society. The purpose of this paper is to show the impact each theory has had on religion as well as the people inside the institution itself. Religion has been around for many hundreds of years and has had a great influence on many things in societies over time and across the world, such as politics, economics, and has even led to many wars. But how would one come about with a definition of the word religion? There are many different definitions out there of religion that are basic and even some definitions that get more complex. One basic and easy way to describe religion is a person or group of peoples set beliefs and practices on the concept of spirituality. J. Milton Yinger takes one of the more complex approaches to defining religion. He calls it “a system of beliefs and practices by which a group of people struggle with the ultimate problems of human life – problems relating to human morality, suffering, and injustice; and the need to infuse human life with meaning, and intellectual coherence, and the crucial importance of upholding moral percepts and patterns of social life” (Bouma p.4). Although both definitions seem to be drastically different, they actually do compliment each other and when used together can give us a much better understanding of religion and what it represents to the different cultures of people.
Sociological theorists have debated with each other over the way that religion functions and serves a society. The functionalist theory is defined as a sociological theory that focuses on the way in which the many parts of society are designed to maintain social stability. When it comes to religion,
Christopher J. Reed
Sociology 101
Mr. Nguyen
March 14, 2011
Sociological Theories Perspectives on Religion When it comes to the social institution of religion, the three major sociological theories differ in a majority of ways. All three have their own way of how they perceive religion functions in society. The purpose of this paper is to show the impact each theory has had on religion as well as the people inside the institution itself. Religion has been around for many hundreds of years and has had a great influence on many things in societies over time and across the world, such as politics, economics, and has even led to many wars. But how would one come about with a definition of the word religion? There are many different definitions out there of religion that are basic and even some definitions that get more complex. One basic and easy way to describe religion is a person or group of peoples set beliefs and practices on the concept of spirituality. J. Milton Yinger takes one of the more complex approaches to defining religion. He calls it “a system of beliefs and practices by which a group of people struggle with the ultimate problems of human life – problems relating to human morality, suffering, and injustice; and the need to infuse human life with meaning, and intellectual coherence, and the crucial importance of upholding moral percepts and patterns of social life” (Bouma p.4). Although both definitions seem to be drastically different, they actually do compliment each other and when used together can give us a much better understanding of religion and what it represents to the different cultures of people.
Sociological theorists have debated with each other over the way that religion functions and serves a society. The functionalist theory is defined as a sociological theory that focuses on the way in which the many parts of society are designed to maintain social stability. When it comes to religion,
References: Bouma, G. D. (1978). Explanation in Yinger’s Sociology of Religion. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion. 17(3). Pp.297-301. Henslin, J. M. (2007). Sociology: A Down to Earth Approach. (9th ed.). Boston: Allyn & Bacon. Kendall, D. (2004). Sociology in Our Times. (5th ed.). Kentucy: Wadsworth Publishing. Loveland, M. T., Walls, E. N., Myers, D. J., Sikkink, D. (2003). Race, Religious Tradition and Civil Rights Support. Paper Presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association. Marx, K., Engels, F. (1843). A Contribution to the Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right. Schaefer, R. T. (2009). Sociology: A Brief Introduction. (8th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. Stevens, W. J., (2008). The functional and conflict theories: a point of view. Helium: Sociology