Q1. Briefly explain a) What Aristotle means by “Good,” b) How he understands goods as following in hierarchy.
A1. According to Aristotle, Good is something on which all things aim like every art, every inquiry, every action and pursuit. Although every action aims at good, their ends are different.
B) Goods according to him fall in hierarchy as if medical science is aiming at good then the ending has to be related to health. Similarly, a house is good in term of providing a means of activity of living. Therefore, it doesn’t matter whether the activities are themselves the end of the action, as everything aim’s at good and in the above cases, in hierarchy as the ending is related to the action.
Q2. What is the science that deals with the human good? Explain why Aristotle sees it this way.
A2. Political science s the science, which deals with human good. Political science refers to the branch of knowledge that deals with systems of government. He thinks that this must be good for man. Although, it is worthwhile to attain the end merely for the men, it is finer and more godlike to attain it for a nation or for a city.
Q3. What difference does Aristotle see between the science of the good and mathematics? Why does he claim that the science of the good is difficult for the young? And, what does he take to be a condition for understanding this science?
A3. In political science, people admit of much variety and fluctuation of opinion. In this case, just the way it’s foolish to ask a mathematician to give a rhetorician scientific proofs after solving a problem, similarly it is the mark of an educated man to look for precision just so far as the nature of the subject admits. He thinks that the science of the good is difficult for the young because a person can only judge a thing if the person is a good judge of that subject. Therefore a young man is inappropriate