1957-1969
By Mahbube Adem
The Cold War
Cold war was an era of conflict, tension and competition between the United States and the
Soviet Union. It started in mid-1940s and lasted till the early 1990s.
One of the ways the two superpowers competed was the Space Race.
The Space Race was initiated on October 4, 1957 by the Soviet Union, when they launched Sputnik 1.
The launch caused a huge shock to the United
States. It was through that the United States was no longer safe behind its ocean barriers. The Soviet
Union could launch missiles directly on United
States.
The Space Race
April 12, 1961 the Soviets launch another satellite, Sputnik 2. This time they were able to put a dog in orbit around the earth. The flight lasted for 1 hour and 48 minutes.
The first step that the United States made in catching up to the Soviets was in the successful launch of Alan Shepard into space on May 5,
1961
Then President Kennedy gave a speech on May
25, 1961 which challenged to travel to the moon by the end of the decade, congress fully funded
NASA to get this accomplished.
USA vs. USSR
While both sides were advancing in technology at the same time they had a few setbacks.
USA: The first Apollo mission on January
27, 1967 was a tragic failure.
USSR: 1967, a Soviet spacecraft, Soyuz 1 was landing and had control failure then crash landed. As for the passenger,
Cosmonaut Komarov, he was unable to survive the crash.
The United States During the
Space Race
Attempts to launch a satellite
“Folpnik” or
“Kaputnik”
Steps towards ultimate goal: The
Moon
Mercury Program
Gemini Program
Apollo Program
The Soviet Union During the
Space Race
Successful Satellite
Launches
Vostok series of rockets Soyuz series or rockets Lunokhod unmanned robot vehicles Winner of the Race
On July 20, 1969 the crew of Apollo 11 landed on the moon. Astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin were the first men on the Moon.