spanish paragraph mi casa

Nouns (key vocabulary)
Cognates Non-cognates electricidad F bolsa F energía F medioambiente M polución F luz M gasolina F agua F bicicleta F ducha F aire M basura F cartón F embalaje M plástico M baño M aluminio M gasoil M papel M cartón M atmósfera F reciclaje M transporte M autobús M coche M
Key knowledge 1 (gender)

a) All Spanish nouns are masculine (M) or feminine (F)
b) Masculine nouns usually end in –o
c) Feminine nouns usually end in –a, -ción or -dad

Key knowledge 2 (articles)

Singular M F a(n) un una the el la

Plural some unos unas the los las

Key knowledge 3 (noun plurals)

Singular Plural
-vowel -vowel + s
(bicicleta) (bicicletas)

-consonant - consonant + es
(papel) (papeles)

* -z -ces
(vez) (veces)
Tasks (apply your knowledge)
1. Write (M) or (F) next to all nouns above. Use a dictionary if unsure. Try to avoid using it though.
2. Make these nouns into the plural:
El cartón: LOS CARTONES; El baño LOS BANOS; La ducha LAS DUCHAS

Un coche UNOS COCHES; Una bolsa UNAS BOLSAS

Test (translate the following into Spanish)
1. An atmosphere UN ATMOSTFERA 2. The pollution EL POLUCION

3. Some lights UNOS LUZ 4. The buses LOS AUTOBUS

5. The environment EL MEDIOAMBIENTE 6. The rubbish LOS BASURA

7. Some baths UNOS BANO 8. A plastic UN PLASTICO

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Key knowledge 1 (gender)
Key knowledge 2 (articles)
Key knowledge 3 (noun plurals)

Adjectives (key vocabulary)
Descriptive (cognates) (non-cognates) Possessive económico limpio mi(s) práctico sucio tu(s) público barato su(s) solar caro nuestro/a(s) privado frío vuestro/a(s) difícil caliente reciclado contaminante contaminado medioambiental fácil eficaz peligroso verde ecológico
Key knowledge 1 (descriptive)

a) When adjectives describe a noun, they must ‘agree’ with the noun, so...
b) Adjectives ‘agree’ by changing their endings to follow the noun, as follows:

Adjective endings masc/sing fem/sing masc/plural fem/plural -o -a -os -as -e -e -es -es -consonant -consonant -consonant+es -consonant+es

c) Most descriptive adjectives come AFTER the noun: eg. La energía solar
Key knowledge 2 (possessive)

Possessive adjectives also agree with their noun.

Singular Plural
Mi Mis MY
Tu Tus YOUR
Su Sus HIS/HER

Nuestro/a Nuestros/as OUR
Vuestro/a Vuestros/as YOUR
Su Sus THEIR

Tasks (apply your knowledge)
1. Make these adjectives feminine: limpio LIMPIA; reciclado_RECICLADA

caliente CALIENTE; contaminante CONTAMINENTE; fácil FACIL

2. Fill in the correct ending: la energía limp___ ; los autobuses contaminante__;

el transporte barat____; la atmósfera contaminad___; la electriciad solar___

3. Choose the correct possessive: a) mi/mis basura; b) tu/tus polución c) su/sus papeles;

d) nuestro/nuestra/nuestros/nuestras atmósfera
Test (translate the following into Spanish)
1. The contaminated air LA CONTAMINANTE 2. The dirty atmosphere LA SUCIO ATMOSFERA

3. Our cheap electricity NUESTRO BARATO ELECTRICIDAD 4. Expensive packaging CARO EMBALAJE

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Key knowledge 1 (descriptive adjectives)
Key knowledge 2 (possessives)

Common irregular verbs

Ser: soy/es/son Tener: tengo/tiene/tienen

Ir: voy/va/van Hacer: hago/hace/hacen

Hay

Key knowledge 1 (hay)

Hay is used for: ‘there is’ or ‘there are’

Key knowledge 2 (key verbs)

SER (to be) TENER (to have)
I Soy Tengo
You Eres Tienes
S/he Es Tiene
We Somos Tenemos
You Sois Tenéis
They Son Tienen
Key knowledge 3 (key verbs)

IR (to go) HACER (to do/make)
I Voy Hago
You Vas Haces
S/he Va Hace
We Vamos Hacemos
You Vais Hacéis
They Van Hacen
Tasks (apply your knowledge)
1. Write in the meaning of the verbs in the top box

2. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate verb: a) En Peterborough, _____ mucha basura.

b) La polución ____ peligrosa c) Mi casa _________ energía solar d) (yo) __________ reciclaje

Test (translate the following into Spanish)

1. Electricity is expensive and dirty ________________________________

2. Bikes are a green transport __________________________________________

3. There are not many cheap energies ______________________

4. Our paper is recycled ____________________________________

5. My car has diesel ______________________________________

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Key knowledge 1 (hay)
Key knowledge 2 and 3 (key verbs)

Nouns (key vocabulary)
(near) Cognates Non-cognates
La velocidad La calefacción (central)
Los residuos El aire acondicionado
Un jersey El vidrio Un edredón
Los gases de escape Los gases tóxicos
La capa de ozono
El efecto invernadero
El uso
El consumo
Regular verbs (infinitives: to….)
-AR
Usar Limitar Afectar
Reciclar Apagar Conservar
Tomar Ayudar Tirar
Viajar Reutilizar Separar
Contaminar Ahorrar Dañar
Destrozar Causar Cuidar

-ER : Meter -IR : Consumir Emitir

Key knowledge 1
(Regular verbs in present tense)

-AR -ER -IR
(yo) -o -o -o
(tú) -as -es -es
(él/ella) -a -e -e
(nosotros) -amos -emos -imos
(vosotros) -áis -éis -ís
(ellos/ellas) -an -en -en

Key knowledge 2
(Regular verbs with 1st person irregularities)

These verbs are regular except for these parts:

Poner: (to put)....pongo (yo)
Coger: (to catch)...cojo (yo)
Reducir: (to reduce)… reduzco (yo)
Conducir: (to drive)… conduzco (yo)

Tasks (apply your knowledge)
1. Put the correct endings on these verbs in Spanish: a) (yo) ahorr __ b) (nosotros) consum_______

c) (ellos) us ___ d) (el coche) emit__ e) (Tú) conduc____ f) (Mi madre) recicl___

Test (translate the following into Spanish)
1. We limit the use of water in our house.

2. Poisonous gases pollute the atmosphere.

3. I catch the bus or I take my bike.

4. We reduce the speed of our car.

5. My parents reuse plastic bags and they recycle glass.

6. In my school, the students don’t turn off the lights.

7. Do you help the environment?

8. They don’t use central heating.

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Key knowledge 1
(Regular verbs in present tense)

Key knowledge 2
(Regular verbs with 1st person irregularities)