Special Purpose Endotracheal Tubes
Special Purpose Endotracheal Tubes
J Michael Jaeger MD PhD and Charles G Durbin Jr MD
Introduction
Tracheal Tube Cuffs
Techniques for Lung Separation
Double-Lumen Endotracheal Tubes
Endobronchial Cuffs
Bronchial Blockers
Endotracheal Tubes Designed for Laser Surgery
Endotracheal Tubes with Additional Ports
Special Tubes and Devices to Aid with Intubation
Head and Neck Surgery
Summary
[Respir Care 1999;44(6):661– 683] Key words: endotracheal tube, endotracheal tube cuff, lung separation, artificial airway, bronchial blocker.
Introduction
Unique artificial airways and airway devices have been developed to solve a variety of diverse clinical problems.
Since the early 1960s when plastics replaced rubber in the manufacture of endotracheal tubes (ETs), thousands of individual airways have been designed and produced. Unbridled imagination and a creative spirit have led to the invention of a variety of devices, many of which have the potential for patient harm. The problem of tissue toxicity of the materials used and the need to connect to other respiratory devices and anesthesia devices necessitated some common standards to which all devices must conform. These concerns of compatibility among the various designs have been minimized by development and adoption of consensus standards within the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) (Internet address: http:// www.astm.org) and the American National Standards Institute (ANSI).
The original ASTM technical subcommittee dealing with anesthesia and airway equipment was designated the Z-79
Committee. This has now been replaced with the F-29
J Michael Jaeger MD PhD and Charles G Durbin Jr MD are affiliated with the Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.
Correspondence: J Michael Jaeger MD PhD, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia, Box 10010, Charlottesville VA 229060010. E-mail: jmj4w@virginia.edu.
RESPIRATORY CARE • JUNE
J Michael Jaeger MD PhD and Charles G Durbin Jr MD
Introduction
Tracheal Tube Cuffs
Techniques for Lung Separation
Double-Lumen Endotracheal Tubes
Endobronchial Cuffs
Bronchial Blockers
Endotracheal Tubes Designed for Laser Surgery
Endotracheal Tubes with Additional Ports
Special Tubes and Devices to Aid with Intubation
Head and Neck Surgery
Summary
[Respir Care 1999;44(6):661– 683] Key words: endotracheal tube, endotracheal tube cuff, lung separation, artificial airway, bronchial blocker.
Introduction
Unique artificial airways and airway devices have been developed to solve a variety of diverse clinical problems.
Since the early 1960s when plastics replaced rubber in the manufacture of endotracheal tubes (ETs), thousands of individual airways have been designed and produced. Unbridled imagination and a creative spirit have led to the invention of a variety of devices, many of which have the potential for patient harm. The problem of tissue toxicity of the materials used and the need to connect to other respiratory devices and anesthesia devices necessitated some common standards to which all devices must conform. These concerns of compatibility among the various designs have been minimized by development and adoption of consensus standards within the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) (Internet address: http:// www.astm.org) and the American National Standards Institute (ANSI).
The original ASTM technical subcommittee dealing with anesthesia and airway equipment was designated the Z-79
Committee. This has now been replaced with the F-29
J Michael Jaeger MD PhD and Charles G Durbin Jr MD are affiliated with the Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.
Correspondence: J Michael Jaeger MD PhD, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia, Box 10010, Charlottesville VA 229060010. E-mail: jmj4w@virginia.edu.
RESPIRATORY CARE • JUNE