Chapter 8:
1. Clear organization is vital to speechmaking. Listeners demand coherence. They get only one chance to grasp a speaker's ideas, and they have little patience for speakers who ramble aimlessly from one idea to another. A well-organized speech will enhance the credibility and make it easier for the audience to understand the message. 2. The tips discussed for preparing main points are:
Keep main points separate.
Try to use the same wording for main points.
Balance the amount of time devoted to main points.
3. The four major types of speech connectives are transitions, internal previews, internal summaries, and signposts. Using them effectively will make the speeches more unified and coherent.
Chapter 9:
1. The four objectives of a speech introduction are:
Get the attention and interest of the audience.
Reveal the topic of the speech.
Establish credibility and goodwill.
Preview the body of the speech.
2. The seven major methods discussed in the textbook for gaining attention and interest in a speech introduction are:
Relate the topic to the audience.
State the importance of the topic.
Startle the audience.
Arouse the curiosity of the audience.
Question the audience.
Begin with a quotation.
Tell a story.
3. The two major functions of a speech conclusion are:
Signal the end of the speech.
Reinforce the central idea
4. Four ways to reinforce the central idea in a speech conclusion are:
Summarize the speech.
End with a quotation.
Make a dramatic statement.
Refer to the introduction.
Chapter 10:
1. Outlines are essential to effective speeches. By outlining, we make sure that related ideas are together, that our thoughts flow from one to another, and that the structure of our speech is coherent. WE will probably use two kinds of outlines for our speechesthe detailed preparation outline and the brief speaking outline.