Spoken Language in my opinion follows a different set of rules to written language in this essay I am going to explore the ways spoken language is used by television interviewers. I will be using the political chat show This Week as an example of the spoken language on TV chat shows. This Week is a political and current affairs chat show broadcasted every Thursday night on BBC one. The show is presented by former editor of the Sunday Times Andrew Neil and is accompanied every week by ex Conservative Party Member Michael Portillo.…
Spoken language is the study of understanding how we speak and how we change the way we speak depending on who we’re talking to – adults, people our own age etc. Language is developed through our culture, identity or even the environment we are adapted to. Spoken language is used as communicating different emotions to one another whether its’; love, hatred or annoyance. One of the many aspects used in my household is use of questions. Myself my mother and sister tend to ask more open ended questions and rhetorical questions rather than genuine questions whereas my dad likes to get straight to the point and avoids using fillers such as ‘urmm’ or ‘yeah’.…
Language is used every day to communicate with one another but beneath that conversation lies another message. The speaker’s use of language gives listeners insight as to who they are, like a badge of identity on their chest. Australian English’s unique phonology and lexicon is recognised globally and distinguishes it from other accents, giving the speaker a clear national identity. Ethno-lects are spoken by a specific group of people who have the same cultural background. These “ethno-lects” not only help express an individual’s identity and separate themselves from the rest, but also assist in bringing together speakers from similar backgrounds; much like a football jersey. Text speak is constantly evolving as lexemes are taking on new changes. Many teenagers and younger children have begun to adopt this in an attempt to identify with others and fit in. Through language, we can get a glimpse of a person’s identity but they can use the same medium to change that identity as well.…
References: Agha, A. (2003). The social life of a cultural value. Language and communication 23: 231-73. Anttila, A. and Y.-m. Y. Cho (1998). Variation and change in optimality theory. Lingua 104(12): 31-56. Bakhtin, M. (1981). The dialogic imagination. Austin, University of Texas Press. Bell, A. (1984). Language style as audience design. Language in Society 13: 145-204. Bell, A. (2001). Back in style: Reworking audience design. Style and sociolinguistic variation. P. Eckert and J. R. Rickford. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press: 139-69. Benor, S. (2001). Sounding learned: The gendered use of /t/ in Orthodox Jewish English. Penn working papers in linguistics: Selected papers from NWAV 2000. Bod, R., J. Hay, et al. (2003). Probabilistic Linguistics. Cambridge, MIT Press. Bourdieu, P. (1977). Outline of a theory of practice. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. Bourdieu, P. (1977). The economics of linguistic exchanges. Social Science Information 16(6): 645-68.…
2 Part 1 Read Passage A carefully, and then answer Questions 1 and 2. Passage A In this extract Redmond O’Hanlon describes a journey into the jungle by canoe. James, a poet, has been eventually persuaded to accompany Redmond. Into the heart of Borneo At midday we climbed into our dugout canoe and set off up-river towards the interior. After about ten miles the fields gave way to well-established secondary forest, and then the primeval jungle began. The river seemed to close in on us: the 60-metre-high trees crowded down the slopes of the hills, almost to the water’s edge, an apparently endless chaos of different species of tree, every kind of green, even under the uniform glare of a tropical sun. Parasitic growths sprouted everywhere, ferns fanned out from every angle in the branches, creepers as thick as legs gripped each other and tangled down to the surface of the water, their tips twining down in the current like river-weed. The river itself began to twist and turn too, the banks behind us appearing to merge…
The article talks about our accents, and how we are perceived by others. The characteristics of our speech send out lots of signs to the listener on who we are, building and creating our identity on just how we speak. The articulation of vowel sounds, usage of High rising terminals, accents, articulation of words, or particular usage of non-standard variants can aid the other to determine your education and social status, even if you are completely the opposite. You might by highly educated, yet sound like an ignorant teenager and the latter is what is perceived of you since the way you speak is your first impression to the listener.…
Sporting commentators all have a distinctive style of speaking that is recognisable wherever you go, this is called sociolect. Sports commentators are well known for their exaggeration and use of phonology. For example Andy Gray says “Look at the prey on the little flick through...” For enthusiasts and follows of the sport, football fans will understand and recognise the jargon used by the commentators. The metaphor used; “Look at the prey...” is used to entice the listeners and keep them interested in the jargon only follows of the sport will know and understand. This also is shown from Gray later on when he says "...then try and transfer it across” this language is shaped and selected for the sport as “Transfer it across” wouldn’t normally be associated with a football.…
Bibliography: (Unsigned) 1997 Review of John Honey, Language Is Power 102 in The Economist 27 September 1997 BURCHFIELD R.W. 1996 ed. Fowler 's Modern English Usage (3rd edn.). O.U.P., Oxford CRYSTAL David 1973 Linguistics Penguin, Harmondsworth [1971] CRYSTAL David 1975 "Style: the varieties of English" 246/288 in BOLTON Whitney F. The English Language Sphere, London CUTTS Martin 1995 The Plain English Guide O.U.P., Oxford GREENBAUM Sidney and WHITCUT Janet 1989 Longman Guide to English Usage Longman, London [1988] HONEY John 1997 Language is Power: The Story of Standard English and its Enemies Faber and Faber, London MARCUS Greil 1997 The Dustbin of History Picador, London [1995] MORRIS William 1993 News From Nowhere Penguin, Harmondsworth [1890] PALMER F.R. 1975 "Language and Languages" 12/37 in BOLTON Whitney F. The English Language Sphere, London QUIRK Randolph and GREENBAUM Sidney 1992 A Student 's Grammar of the English Language Longman. London [1990] RUSHDIE Salman 1982 Shame Picador, London [1981]. TOSI Arturo 2001 Language and society in a changing Italy Multilingual Matters, Clevedon (England) TWAIN Mark 1985 Huckleberry Finn Harmondsworth: Penguin [1884]. WILLIAMS Raymond 1977 Keywords: A Vocabulary of Culture and Society Fontana: London [1976]…
This analysis is on the difference in verbal communication differences between countries that have different cultures and various ways of speaking. I conducted an interview with someone from the United States because of the huge difference in their verbal communication from my home country Jamaica. Not only the accent, because Jamaica was last colonized by Britain, the Jamaican accent is close to that of a British accent, but Americans also use very different expressions, saying and even specific words have a different meaning than in Jamaica and it would be very difficult to grasp the meaning of different words being used to mean different things.…
In any language the spoken version differs from the written one. In the following text we shall look at the differences between the two types of languages. The relationship between spoken language and written language is complex. For example in the spoken language you use mostly first and second person, while written material you use mostly third person. Speech is usually a communication between two or more people, and direct speech is not used as much as in written language. Spoken languages tends to be full of repetitions and incomplete sentences, and it is not looked upon as a good idea in written language, whereas we use a lot of repetition in our spoken language together with the use of many conjunctions and hesitation words (disfluencies). On the other hand the written language tends to have longer sentences and can be closely analyzed on the writing surface. Written material can also make use of punctuation, titles, layout, colors and other graphical effects, which are not available in speech. You can also say that in written texts you receive no immediate feedback, except after it has been published, and in speech you can get an immediate answer.…
Dreamvillian was a young mage who lived in goldshier with with his two parents and brother James. They lived happily on one of the many farms that where situated in elwin forest. His father was a simple farmer but use to be a mage of stormwind, but after a fatel accident while he was practising the arts of the arcane he promised he will never use magic again. From a young age Dreamvillian was fascinated by magic and pleaded with his father to teach him. After being refused Dreamvillian became frustrated. But by luck he found a crate of old sorcery books that where written by his father. The detail of the books where amazing and had many powerful spells in it. Ranging from balls of fire. To bolts of multiple arcane energy. With out the consent of his father the young mage practised the contents of the book behind on of the old barns that where scattered along the the green bushy terrain. At the young age of 14 he was able to throw weak balls of fire, but fire none the less. With each session his powers and understanding of the arts grew but ever so slowly.…
S:No we only need (.) like a tiny bit for the transcript so [we can]…
* Adapting to listeners feedback. Adapting to listeners feedback is very important. We must understand the feedback to be able to deal with.…
10. Hudson R.R Sociolinguistics. – 2nd.edn. – Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996. – 279 p.…
English has emerged as the global language of trade and commerce in the past few decades,…