All of the actors involved in the sustainability management process is stakeholder, it is a way of distinguishing between the main groups towards which companies have different kinds of duty: in particular, shareholders, customers, consumers and employees.
Effective stakeholder management as essential to the survival and prosperity of the enterprise.
At the broadest level, stakeholders are individuals, groups, or entities(natural environment) that claim rights or interests in a company and in its past, present, and future activities.
There is two kind of stakeholder: primary and secondary.
Primary stakeholders are those without whose participation a company cannot survive(e.g. Investors, employees, suppliers, customers and the governments and communities that provide infrastructure and markets.)
Secondary stakeholders are those that influence the company or are affected by it, but who are not essential to its survival, although they may be able to help or harm the company(e.g. The media, terrorists). However, the benefit of primary stakeholders are more important than the benefits of secondary stakeholders, sometimes, the interests of primary stakeholders are pursued at the expense of those that are secondary. (e.g. Taking a money-losing product sold to poor communities off the market.)
Who do you think this is referring to?
Businesses
Entrepreneurs
Employees
Customers
Suppliers
General industry
Politicians政治家
Residents居民
Experts
Charities慈善机构
Academics学者
Animals
The wider world
Stakeholder Management
Essentially本质上的; working together
This is about the mechanisms机制 that identify and bring stakeholders together
And the processes过程 needed to manage how stakeholders work together
How?
Ideally理想地 a democratic民主的 process
Research beforehand事先, and on-going继续
Equitable公平的 representation代表
High levels of involvement包含 in decision making process
Opportunities to share knowledge, ideas, and feedback
Open and transparent透明的 process
Who?
Who is