The statue depicts Hatshepsut sitting upright very rigidly as a king; this type of structure is very common with other traditional Egyptian sculptures depicting pharaohs. Her legs are pressed together, back straight up in a 90 degree angle, and her hand is placed upon her legs close to her knees. The statue of Hatshepsut Seated shows Hatshepsut in ceremonial attire, she wears the headdress worn by many pharaohs before her. To me her facial expressions show a sense of dignity, pride, and femininity. She is wearing a skin…
For centuries, the god Amun served as the pre-eminent god in New Kingdom Egypt, and his priests enjoyed privileges and power. However, Akhenaten revolutionised religious life with his adoption of the cult of Aten and the introduction of monotheism to Egypt. Along with this religious change came many others, Akhenaten changed Egypt’s foreign policy, art and architecture.…
One conclusion that can be made from this study relates not only to the depiction, but also to the increasing size of the statues. In the early years of her reign, the statues were small, showing she was probably still unsure of the people’ reaction to her usurpation. Later as her reign progressed, there was obviously no adverse reaction forthcoming, reflected in the larger size of the statues (the larger the statue, the more powerful the Pharaoh). This showed Hatshepsut’s growing confidence in her position as ruler of…
The Statue of a kouros and the Portrait statue of a boy both depict similar subjects, however are greatly different in how they accomplish this task. Through detail, or lack there of, the Greeks and Romans are able to display a certain value they have in its members. These two statues were made about 500 years apart and approach the sculpting process quit differently. The Greek statue seems to use geometric exaggerated lines to form the body while the Romans use a more realistic approach and sculpt the body with a more rounded finish. Statue of a kouros, from about 590 B.C and Portrait of a boy, from about the first century, do not share any great technical aspects and are basically nothing alike.…
Akhenaton’s reign lasted from 1353 BC-1336 BC or 1351 BC–1334 BC (the dates are subject to debate). After 4 years of his reign he built a new capital of Egypt (Amarna) and dedicated the city to the supreme deity Aten. Akhenaton attempted to change the religion in Egypt and attempted to unite all of the traditional gods and goddesses of Egypt into one supreme deity (History records were careful not to mention Aten as a god but compared him to the sun and the stars to make him more important than a normal god.) Aten was the deity Akhenaton tried to convert everyone to. At the time many nobles changed their names to names related to Aten instead of names based on the traditional Egyptian gods. Akhenaton means: the effective spirit of Aten. His son Tutankhaten’s name means living…
Why would a pharaoh, already acknowledged as divine, attempt a religious revolution? Why did he fail? In the passage of “Hymn to the Aten” monotheism is expressed as one sun and God. It talks of how the sun gives life and light. It expresses God as the sun which gives live during the day and in the sunset we die. I do not really understand why a pharaoh would attempt a religious revolution but maybe he wanted power for one man. I think he was comparing himself to the one God and he wanted to become that one God. In my opinion he failed because he lacked power and control. He lacked followers and there were many who believed in many gods in ancient times. Many people saw Akhenaten as the…
Supporting her husbands’ beliefs she changed her name to Neferneferuaten-Nefertiti when Akhenaten changed the focus from the ‘Chief God, Amun and other gods to the worship of a single god, Aten.’ The Aten became the center of Egypt’s new religion During her reign as queen, Egypt went about many radical religious changes, the first being her name. Her reign with Akhenaten was unlike the traditional ways Egypt had seen she was more than just a typical queen and helped to promote Akhenaten’s views. Her reign was approximately only 12 years, but she was one of the most powerful queens to ever rule. Her importance was greatly valued by Akhenaten and he went to great lengths to show her as his counterpart as seen in source A. As queen, she took on powerful roles and showed herself in ways only Egyptian kings did. An example of this being, she was often shown with the crown of a pharaoh or was depicted in scenes of battle smiting her enemies. Akhenaten valued her so much, that he also allowed her to practice that art of priesthood and she too was allowed to make offerings to…
Akhenaten, the so called "Heretic Pharaoh was a Ruler of Egypt during the period known as the 18th Dynasty. He ascended to the throne as Amenhotep IV, succeeding his father Amenhotep III. Akhenaten's brief reign, of hardly more than sixteen years, happened at a difficult time in Egyptian history; a period in which the decline of the previously unparalleled Egyptian empire seemed inevitable. Many scholars maintain that Akhenaten was responsible for this decline, but evidence suggests that it had already started. Whatever his connection with the decline of the Empire, one aspect of Akhenaten's reign is indisputable: his religious reforms. Effectively discarding the beliefs of an Empire, Akhenaten denounced the existing polytheist religious…
Akhenaten, while only ruling Egypt for 14 years, brought uncertainty and instability that lasted past his time. Known as the “Heretic Pharaoh”, Akhenaten introduced a new religious system centered on the sun god Aten. At first, Aten was presented as a variant to the god of mystery and secrets, Amun-Re, (who interestingly enough was a merger between the gods Amun and Ra), but this would change later in Akhenaten’s rule. Originally, Akhenaten was fairly tolerant of people worshipping the other gods of the previous Egyptian religious system, but in year 9 of his reign, he decided to end that. Akhenaten declared himself the sole intermediary between the people and Aten. People became so scared of Akhenaten that they destroyed all references to…
King Tut was raised in the city called Akhetaten or Amarna. This city was created by Akhenaten in the fifth year of his reign several years before Tutankhamen was born. It was made the capitol of Egypt, replacing the great city of Thebes. This city still exists today; it is now called Tall al Amarinah. The city was created during Akhenaten’s campaign that replaced the original polytheistic religion with a monotheistic religion in which the sun-disc god, Aten, was considered above all others. This change in religion caused Egypt to go through social and political upheaval. For this, he is known as the "heretic king."…
Along with the new religion, another foolish decision he made was creating a new capital city. There were no capital cities in ancient Egypt before this time. During Akhenaten’s rule he created a capital city of Akhenaten. Many people flocked there, seeing the wealth of possibilities that it could hold. The reason that this new city’s formation was an issue was due to the cities that were “once-thriving administrative centers . . . stood idle” (Redford 153). These previously thriving cities were Thebes and Memphis. These cities were known far and wide to be religious and governmental centers. With the shift in religion the major buildings in these cities were torn down. Since these cities used to be very religious they were home to many statues and temples worshiping the old gods. The inhabitants of Thebes and Memphis lived in rubble after the king brought his new religion and tore down any reference to the old religion. Not only did the religious areas in these cities get destroyed, but since ancient Egypt was a theocracy, governmental buildings were also taken down and left desolate. Redford reiterates this when he explains that “temples and governmental offices had been virtually shut down” (153). Not many people stayed in those cities except for the ones with strong ties to those cities. There were very few things that the people in those areas could do for work, besides farming, since the government was now run out of Akhenaten. Explains how “great cities of Memphis and Thebes were no longer thriving centers as they had been for some 1,700 years” (Rupert…
The Pharaoh Amenhotep IV did not just change his name to Akhenaten and the religion of ancient Egypt creates the first known monotheism, but the artistic style made the immediate conversion from the traditional Egyptian style of depicting people with ideal physiques, to a unique and rather unsettling form. He utilized this art to show his objective of carrying out things abnormally.…
Standing at around four feet eight inches, the sculpture of Menkaure and His Queen is estimated to have been created between 2548 to 2530 BC. The figures depicted in the sculpture are Pharaoh Menkaure and, who is thought to be Queen Khamerernebty II. The sculpture was carved out of slate and has also been known as Menkaure and Khamerernebty. The artist of the sculpture is unknown. Menkaure and His Queen shows the two-people standing side by side and the queen has an arm wrapped around the pharaoh. This piece gives a look at Egyptian culture during this time and preserves the image of Pharaoh Menkaure and Queen Khamerernebty.…
Akhenaten was the Pharaoh of Egypt for 17 years during the Eighteenth Dynasty which took place from 1352 to 1336 B.C. He was born the son of Amenhotep III and Queen Tyie. His was originally named after his father, Amenhotep IV, but decided to change his name during the fifth year of his reign. During that year he changed his name to Akhenaten, which means “horizon of the sun,” or can also be translated to “He who is of service to Aten.” He had six daughters, Merytaten, Meketaten, Ankhesenpaaten, Neferneferuaten-tasharit, Neferneferure, and Sotepenpre. Akhenaten was also suspected of having two more sons, Smenkhkare who succeeded him on the thrown, and Tutankhamun whom reigned after his brother. Both sons were born from different mothers. His first wife Neferiti, who was renamed to Nefernefruaten by the Pharaoh Akhenaten, which translated, means “beautiful is the beauty of Aten,” was also known as the “great royal wife” during the early years of his reign. He also had 3 consorts during…
Researching the statues of antiquity can be especially daunting; time and nature have a way of (quite literally) wearing away at things. Often art pieces are destroyed, pilfered, or their archaeological sites foolishly man-handled, not to mention the ravishes of the weather. There are gaps of missing information from one era to the next, and as much as we may wish for it, no Archaeologist has ever found a didactic panel sitting neatly next to an excavated work. We are lucky when studying the statue of Aphrodite of Knidos (c.350 BCE) however, because while the original was lost to the ages, she was widely copied, several versions of her are still in existence, and there are historical writings that directly reference the statue and her creator, Praxiteles. Often carved of…