strategist concept
r/K Strategists concept
Alan Soffan
In nature insect makes adaptation known as adaptive stategy as a result of selective environment factor acting in a population (Horn, 1976). They need to have certain strategies for efficiently utilizing the available time and energy to maximize their own survival (Atkins, 1980).There are two extreme strategist applied by insect in adapting theirself in certain environment.
R-stretegies
R-strategies principally operates to maximize reproductive rates in harsh, unstable environment or during habitat disturbance (Atkins, 1980; Matthews&Matthews, 1978), while there are only a little competition exist (Elzinga, 1997). This R-strategies favor a “gambling” strategies (Price,1984). Some characters for r-strategist listed in table below.
K-strategy
Principally, these insect tend to maintain their populations at a more or less constant level, close to the carrying capacity of environment (Atkins, 1980), They prefer not to increase a number of young, but they apply their high survival ability (Matthews&Matthews, 1978), Some characters for r-strategist listed in table below..
Table: Characteristics of extremes of r-K strategist
R-StrategistK-StrategistReferenceBody size smallBody size largeMatthews& Kitching, 1984; Horn, 1976Short generation timeLong generation timeMatthews&Matthews, 1978; Matthews& Kitching, 1984; Horn, 1976High level of dispersalLow level of dispersalMatthews& Kitching, 1984The mortality is density-independentThe mortality is density dependentMatthews& Kitching, 1984; Horn, 1976High reproductive rate and often reach overshootLow reproductive rate and rarely reach overshootMatthews&Matthews, 1978; Matthews& Kitching, 1984; Horn, 1976Population density fluctuative “boom and bust” Population density relative constant from generation to generationMatthews&Matthews, 1978; Matthews& Kitching, 1984Tend to be poor competitorsGood competitors or keenMatthews&Matthews, 1978; Horn, 1976Good colonization
Alan Soffan
In nature insect makes adaptation known as adaptive stategy as a result of selective environment factor acting in a population (Horn, 1976). They need to have certain strategies for efficiently utilizing the available time and energy to maximize their own survival (Atkins, 1980).There are two extreme strategist applied by insect in adapting theirself in certain environment.
R-stretegies
R-strategies principally operates to maximize reproductive rates in harsh, unstable environment or during habitat disturbance (Atkins, 1980; Matthews&Matthews, 1978), while there are only a little competition exist (Elzinga, 1997). This R-strategies favor a “gambling” strategies (Price,1984). Some characters for r-strategist listed in table below.
K-strategy
Principally, these insect tend to maintain their populations at a more or less constant level, close to the carrying capacity of environment (Atkins, 1980), They prefer not to increase a number of young, but they apply their high survival ability (Matthews&Matthews, 1978), Some characters for r-strategist listed in table below..
Table: Characteristics of extremes of r-K strategist
R-StrategistK-StrategistReferenceBody size smallBody size largeMatthews& Kitching, 1984; Horn, 1976Short generation timeLong generation timeMatthews&Matthews, 1978; Matthews& Kitching, 1984; Horn, 1976High level of dispersalLow level of dispersalMatthews& Kitching, 1984The mortality is density-independentThe mortality is density dependentMatthews& Kitching, 1984; Horn, 1976High reproductive rate and often reach overshootLow reproductive rate and rarely reach overshootMatthews&Matthews, 1978; Matthews& Kitching, 1984; Horn, 1976Population density fluctuative “boom and bust” Population density relative constant from generation to generationMatthews&Matthews, 1978; Matthews& Kitching, 1984Tend to be poor competitorsGood competitors or keenMatthews&Matthews, 1978; Horn, 1976Good colonization
References: Romoser, Wiliam S. 1981.Science of Entomology, second ed. Macmillan Publishing Co.Inc. New York Stearn, Stephen C.1977 Daly and howell, 1978 can describe the two principal tactict of the r-strategy, nomadism adn rapid population build up, on the locusts. The locust need condition favourable. These favourable condition are largely dependent on soil type. REFFERENCE Daly., howell.V. 1978. Introduction to Insect and Diversity. America. Martin, R Matthews, E. G., R.L. Kitching. 1976. Insect ecology. University of Queensland Press. Queensland. Peter, W.P