Preview

Strategy

Best Essays
Open Document
Open Document
4072 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Strategy
This essay will discuss Checkland’s theory (1991) which states that: “We see in the world many examples of sets of human activities related to each other so that they can be viewed as a whole.” This is a very famous quote made by an eminent British Management guru ‘Peter Checkland’. This quote is very relevant in the context of this report as one could easily observe that in the analysis of a large technologically driven learning environment, there are many layers of complexities that house a lot of human activity systems. This set of activities according to what will be critically discuss and debated in this paper includes knowledge management and environment, intellectual capital and social capital, communities of practice and soft system thinking.”Everybody discusses knowledge management (KM), but how can it be used and how can we successfully apply it?” Greener et al (2007). Strategic knowledge management is relatively a new academic stream that deals with the strategic treatment of knowledge management practices prevalent in today’s academic world. We are living today in an information and knowledge-starved world. Since this essay want to discuss the relationship between strategy and this set of human activities mention above, firstly it will be of interest to introduce basic terms and definitions by different authors that will be used in the rest of the paper. Accordingly, as a term “Management” it implies that KM is the ability of the organization to react and act with interactions with the organizations (Macharizana, 1999) as quoted in Greiner et al (2007). The importance of both these ‘intellectual’ items have increased manifold in recent decades. Every giant corporation of our world today is emphasizing more and more on the development of intellectual capital. Knowledge management has emerged as a management concept that encloses a range of strategies and practices within itself in a company to identify, create, represent, distribute, and enable adoption


References: Ardichvilli, A, Page, V, Wentling, T, (2003). "Motivation and barriers to participation in virtual knowledge sharing in communities of practice". Journal of knowledge management Vol. 7, Issue 1, pp. 64–77. Assudani, R. (2005). Catching the chameleon: Understanding the elusive term knowledge Basden,A,& Wood-HarperA,T,(2006), A philosophical discussion of the root definition in soft systems thinking: an enrichment of CATWOE, A JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS RESEARCH AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE,Vol:23(1),pp.61-87. Bergvall-Ka˚reborn B. 2002. Enriching the model building phase of soft systems methodology. Systems Research and Behavioral Science 19: 27–48. Bontis, N. (1996). ‘There’s a price on your head: managing intellectual capital strategically’. Business Quarterly, 60, 4, 40–7. Brooking, A. (1996). Intellectual Capital, Core Assets for the Third Millennium Enterprise, International Thomson Business Press, London. Checkland, Peter B. & Poulter, J. (2006). Learning for Action: A short definitive account of Soft Systems Methodology and its use for Practitioners, teachers and Students, Wiley, Chichester. Checkland, P. (1981). Systems Thinking, Systems Practice, London: John Wiley & Sons’ Ltd. Checkland, P. (1999) Systems Thinking, Systems Practice: a 30-Year Retrospective, Chichester: Wiley, pp. 115-121. Checkland, P. (2000), Soft system methodology: a thirty year retrospective, A JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS RESEARCH AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE, Vol. 23(1), pp.61-87. Daniel, A Cook, S. N., & Brown, J. S. (1999). Bridging epistemologies: The generative dance between organizational knowledge and organizational knowing. Organization Science, 10(4), 382–400. Claire, M. (2002), Knowledge Management and the Dynamic Nature of Knowledge: Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology Vol. 53, Issue 12, pp. 1009–1018. Deb, T., (2006), STRATEGIC APPROACH TO HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, ATLANTIC PUBLISHERS AND DISTRIBUTORS DELHI, INDIA. Denkena, B., Tonshoff, H, K, & Apitz, R.,(2002), Towards a Framework for Human Aspect of IT-driven Knowledge Management Solutions, The 8th International Conference on Concurrent Enterprising, Rome, Italy, 17-19 June,2002. Duguid, P. (2005). The art of knowing: Social and tacit dimensions of knowledge and the limits of the community of practice. The Information Society, 21, 109–118. Dalton, R. A. (2011). Knowledge transfer for the military leader, Retrieved on 29 may 2013 from rdalton.biz/group/knowledge-transfer-military-leader. Edvinsson, L. and Malone, M. S. (1997).Intellectual Capital: Realizing Your Company’s True Value by Finding its Hidden Brainpower. New York: Harper Business. Greiner, M, Bohmann, T., Krcmar, H., (2007), A Strategy of Knowledge Management: Journal of Knowledge Management, Vol. 11(6). Jackson M, C. (1982). The nature of ‘soft’ systems thinking: the work of Churchman, Ackoff and Checkland. Journal of Applied Systems Analysis 9:17–29. Khavandkar, Jalil & Khavandkar, Ehsan. (2009), "Intellectual Capital: Managing, Development and Measurement Models". Iran Ministry of Science, Research and Technology Press. Maier, R., & Remus, U., (2003), implementing process oriented knowledge management strategies: Journal of knowledge management, Vol.7 (4). Martin, B. (2008), Information Management and Systems, Vol. 42(1), pp.369-424. Martensson, M. (2000) 'A Critical review of knowledge management tool.’ Journal of Knowledge management, 4(3), pp. 204-214. Mingers J. 1992. Questions and suggestions in using soft systems methodology. Systemist 14: 54–61. Paolo, M, (2002). "A Taxonomy of Intellectual Capital", Research Note COM-17-1985, Gartner. Reisman, A, & Oral, M, (2005), Soft Systems Methodology: A context within a 50-year Retrospective of OR/MS, Vol.35 (2), pp.164-178. Roos, R Longe Range Planning, Vol.30 (3), pp. 413-26. Saint-Onge, H.,(1996), Tacit knowledge the key to the strategic alignment of intellectual capital, Journal of strategy and leadership, Vol Shankar, R, Acharia, S, & Baveja, A., (2009), Soft System Knowledge management framework for new product development, Journals of knowledge management, Vol.13 (1). Skandia (1995), Value Creating Processes, Supplement to 1995 Skandia Annual Report. Slay, J., (2002). Human Activity Systems: A Theoretical Framework for Designing Learning for Multicultural Settings, accessed on May 20, 2013 from http://www.ifets.info/journals/5_1/slay.html Stewart, T Stowell,F.A. (1995) Information Systems Provision: The contribution of soft system methodology., Cambridge: University Press. Sveiby, K.E. (1997), The New Organizational Wealth. Managing & Measuring Knowledge-Based Assets, Berrett-Koehler Publishers, Inc. Sveiby, K.-E. (2002). A knowledge-based theory of the firm to guide strategy formulation. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 2(4), 344–359. Williams, B., (2005). Soft Systems Methodology, accessed on MAY 25, 2013 from http://www.kapiti.co.nz/bobwill/ssm.pdf. Wenger, E. (2004) Communities of practice. Available at: http://wenger-trayner.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/06-Brief-introduction-to-communities-of-practice.pdf: (Accessed: 20 May 2013). Youndt, M, A., Subramanian, M., & Snell, A, S, (2004), Intellectual Capital Profiles: An Examination Of Investments and Returns, Journal of Management Studies, Vol. 41(2), pp.335-361.

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Best Essays

    [9] Alavi, M. and Leidner, DE. (2001) “Review: Knowledge Management and Knowledge Management Systems: Conceptua Foundations and Research Issues”, MIS Quarterly, Vol. 25, pp 107-136.…

    • 3524 Words
    • 15 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Best Essays

    References: Aronson, D. (1996). Overview of System Thinking. Retrieved on November 17, 2007 from http://www.thinking.net…

    • 2314 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Better Essays

    Since the mid-1990s, knowledge management has become increasingly significant for business managers and companies. ‘It is broadly accepted that systematic knowledge management is tightly linked with gaining and sustaining competitive advantage.’ (Bogner & Bansal, 2007, p658-6 as cited in Hislop, 2009, p1) The definition of knowledge management is various because of the wide range of this concept and its complexity (Al-Hawamdeh, 2003). For example, the broad definition provided by McAdam and McCreedy (2000, p155 as cited in Hislop 2009, p53) note that: ‘KM relates to the management of anything classified as knowledge’ Furthermore, Hislop (2009, p59) suggests that: ‘Knowledge management is an umbrella term which refers to any deliberate efforts to manage the knowledge of an organization’s workforce, which can be achieved via a wide range of methods including directly, through the use of particular types of ICT, or more indirectly through the management of social processes, the structuring of organizations in particular ways or via the use of particular culture and people management practices.’…

    • 1109 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    | Du Plessis, M. (2007). “Knowledge Management: What makes complex implementations successful”.Journal of Knowledge Management. Vol. 11 No. 2, pp. 91-101.…

    • 360 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Best Essays

    Geoff, W., 2001. Knowledge Management:: The Benefits and Limitations of Computer Systems. European Management Journal, 19(6), pp.599–608.…

    • 2359 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Nankervis, A.R. Compton, R.L. & McCarthy, T.E. 1999, Strategic Human Resource Management, 3rd edn, Nelson ITP, Melbourne.…

    • 3329 Words
    • 14 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    Kingfisher Plc

    • 2629 Words
    • 11 Pages

    References: Wilson, B. eds (1990). Systems: Concepts, Methodologies, and Applications. 2nd. West Sussex, UK :Wiley. Pidd, M. eds (2003). Tools for Thinking Modelling in Management Science. 2nd. West Sussex, UK: Wiley Checkland, P., Scholes, J. (1990). Soft Systems in Action. West Sussex, UK: Wiley Palmer, I., Dunford, R. (1996). Conflicting Uses of Metaphors: Reconceptualising Their Use in the Field of…

    • 2629 Words
    • 11 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Systems Thinking

    • 526 Words
    • 2 Pages

    O'Connor, J., & McDermott, I. (1997). The art of systems thinking. San Francisco, CA: Thorsons.…

    • 526 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Best Essays

    Soft System Methodology is the brainwave of Professor Peter Checkland. The methodology was devised as a result of “consultancy work” (Platt, 1995). Hutchings (2006) explains this development as an approach which can be accessed in the situation where Hard System Methodologies are fruitless. He writes,…

    • 2924 Words
    • 12 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    In a highly dynamic and turbulent environment, some mangers of organizations seek to plan their change strategy in the light of circumstances, whilst others have change thrust upon them.…

    • 2760 Words
    • 12 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    References: 1. ExpatInsights, 2011. ‘Systems Thinking with Peter Senge of The Fifth Discipline; ExIn041111’, Expat Insights, (Video: Online) Available at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b1G0Fs__u4g , (Accessed on 04 November 2011).…

    • 342 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    References: Alvesson M. & D. Kärreman. 2001. Odd Couple. Coming to terms with knowledge management. Anderson, J. R. 1983. The architecture of cognition . Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Antonacopoulou, E.P. 2006. The relationship between individual and organizational learning: New evidence from managerial learning practices. Argyris, C., and D. Schon. 1978. Organizational learning: A theory of action perspective . Reading, Boisot, M.H. 1995. Information space: A framework for learning in organizations, institutions, and culture . London: Routledge. Boisot, M.H. 1998. Knowledge assets: Securing competitive advantage in the information economy . New York: Oxford University Press. Bukowitz, W., and R. Williams. 1999. The knowledge management fieldbook . London: Prentice Hall. Cijsouw, R.S., and R.J. Jorna. 2003. Measuring and mapping knowledge types. In Dynamics and change in organizations: Studies in organizational semiotics , ed. H.W.M. Gazendam, R.S. Cijsouw, and R.J. Jorna Dalkir, K. 2005. Knowledge management in theory and practice . Amsterdam: Butterworth-Heinemann. Fearon, D.S., and S.A. Cavaleri. 2006. Inside knowledge. Rediscovering the source of performance improvement . Milwaukee: Quality press. Firestone, J., and M. McElroy. 2003. Key issues in the new knowledge management . Burlington: Butterworth Heinemann. Gazendam, H.W.M. 1993. Variety controls variety: On the use of organizational theories in information management . Groningen: Wolters-Noordhoff. Gazendam, H.W.M., and R.J. Jorna. 1998. Semiotics, multi-agent systems and organizations. Meyer, M., and M. Zack. 1996. The design and implementation of information products. Sloan Mintzberg, H. 1983. Structures in fives: Designing effective organizations . Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall. Newell, A. 1982. The knowledge level. Artificial Intelligence Nonaka, I., and H. Takeuchi. 1995. The knowledge-creating company: How Japanese companies create the dynamics of innovation . New York: Oxford University Press.…

    • 8409 Words
    • 34 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Mergers and Acquisition

    • 9227 Words
    • 37 Pages

    Skyrme, D. (1998). Measuring the value of knowledge: Metrics for the knowledge-based business. New York: Business Intelligence. Swan, J., Scarbrough, H. & Robertson, M. (2002). The Construction of ‘Communities of Practice’ in the Management of Innovation. Management Learning, 33, (4), 477-496. Szulanski, G. (1996). Exploring internal stikiness: Impediments to the transfer of best practice within the firm. Strategic Management Journal, 17, (1), 27-44. Tanedu. (2007). What is a knowledge society. Retrieved February 3, 2008, from http://www.tanedu.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=76&Itemid=37. Thorpe, M. (2003). Communities of practice and other frameworks for conceptualizing, developing and evaluating NCSL’s initiatives in linking staff and school communities. Unpublished report for the National College of School Leadership. Van Winkelen, C. (2003). Inter-organisational communities of practice. Retrieved December 7, 2008, from http://www.elearningeuropa.info/directory/index.php?page=doc&doc_id=1483&doclng=6. Verstal, W.C. & Lopez, K. (2004). Best practices: Developing communities that provide business value. In Hildreth, P.M. & Kimble, C. (2004). Knowledge Networks: Innovation through Communities of Practice. Idea Group Publishing. Walsham, G. (2001), ‘‘Knowledge management: the benefits and limitations of computer systems’’, European Management Journal, 19, (6), 599-608. Wasko, M.M. & Faraj, S. (2000). It is what one does: why people participate and help others in electronic CoP. Journal of Strategic Information System, 9, 155–173. Wenger, E. (1998). Communities of practice. Learning as a social system. Retrieved December 7, 2008, from http://www.co-i-l.com/coil/knowledge-garden/cop/lss.shtml. Wenger, E. & Snyder, W. (2000a). Communities of practice: the organisation frontier. Harvard Business Review, Jan.-Feb., 139-145. Wenger, E. & Snyder, W. (2000b). Learning in communities. Retrieved February 12, 2008, from http://www.linezine.com/1/features/ewwslc.htm. Wenger, E., McDermott, R. and Snyder, W.M. (2002). Cultivating communities of practice: A guide to managing knowledge. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data, United States of America. Wig, E.H. (1993). The role of language in learning disabilities. In Spectrum of Developmental Disabilities XIV: ADD, ADHD and LD. The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine. Parkton, MD: York Press. Pp 139-154.…

    • 9227 Words
    • 37 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Comparative Schools Essay

    • 2897 Words
    • 12 Pages

    18. Nonaka, I., Takeuchi, H., 1995. The knowledge-creating company. New York, Oxford: Oxford University Press.…

    • 2897 Words
    • 12 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    human resourse managment

    • 12717 Words
    • 102 Pages

    References: Alavi, M., & Tiwana, A. (2003). Knowledge management: The information technology dimension. In M.…

    • 12717 Words
    • 102 Pages
    Good Essays