However, the gill arches during the embryonic stage create similar structure in use, not appearance. The first gill arch creates “the trigeminal nerve in both humans and sharks” (Shubin 91). The cells of the second gill arch gives us cartilage and muscle that helps the creation of the stapes, as well as another bone, the hyoid, that assists in swallowing. In a shark, the same arch “helps with jaw production” that compares to hyoid (Shubin 92). In the third and fourth gill arch, for humans it produces structures necessary for speech and swallow and for sharks it includes parts of tissues that support the gills. Sharks and humans have gill arches in the embryonic stage, but unlike the statement proposes, they do develop into related structures in each…
by Herbert House Biology Department Elon University, Elon, N.C. It was 5:00 PM on a hot summer afternoon. Eight-year-old Jim Morris, wading in the warm current off Florida's Gulf Coast, swam easily toward his sister Amy and his uncle Robert. But the kids' fun in the shoulder-deep water was cut short by Jim's shouts of "Get it off me! Get it off me!" Amy's screams sliced through the peacefully rolling breakers like a knife, "Help! A shark has bitten off my brother's arm! Call 911!" Nearby swimmers heard the cries as Uncle Robert yelled, "Help us get the shark. It swallowed the arm!" The swimmers converged on the spot, grabbing the six-and-a-half-foot bull shark by the tail and holding on for dear life. The twitching shark was hauled ashore barehanded by the group of men and shot. They pried open the shark's mouth while Robert pulled Jim's right arm out from between its jaws. As the boy's blood soaked into the white sand, lifeguards began CPR and applied a tourniquet. Paramedics arrived to stabilize Jim for transport to nearby Coastal Hospital. His arm was packed in ice and taken along. In the emergency room, Dr. Elaine Rogers, the physician on duty, quickly ordered multiple transfusions to restore the boy's blood supply as the ER team began stabilizing his vital signs. Dr. Rogers began assembling the operating room team that would attempt to reattach Jim's arm. She called Ronan McBane, a microvascular surgeon, at his home. "Ronan, we have a cleanly severed arm due to a shark bite. It looks like it was just chopped off, with not much shredding of the tissue. The sharp-edged teeth of the shark bit through the boy's arm so cleanly it almost seems to have been severed by a cleaver. The boy is eight years old and, although he is still in pretty bad shape, we think that since the arm was recovered and is in reasonably good condition, we have a good chance at success." Further conversation convinced Ronan that reattachment was possible. By the time Dr.…
First let's start with the sea goblin. At feeding time the goblin really looks like an alien creature in the sea. It may float motionless, tracking it's prey. When a tasty creature wanders too close, the shark springs into action.…
I’m researching the Hammerhead shark it has many unique features . It has a oddly shaped head used for hunting . They live near the equator or in tropical waters . They are carnivores and eat about anything and their favorite food is the sting ray . The hammerhead shark is very unique .…
Adaptations, the bull shark has gained the amazing ability to survive in both salt and freshwater, this allows the…
Have you ever heard of a goblin shark or an angelfish?Well I will tell you about some. There are many different kinds of them.…
As mentioned previously, this shape allows more surface area for the electrically charged Ampullae of Lorenzini to reside so that the sharks can detect electrical signals from prey such as rays that hide in sand beds. In addition to this, the shape of their head also allows them to have a wider range of vision which is beneficial in hunting. The last interesting way in which these organisms can use this evolutionary advantage is to hold down rays when the shark is ready to eat them. Research has found that this action is actually a learned trait by the…
Maybe the flat head helps the hammerhead swim faster & the flat head gives extra space for sensing organs that help sharks find food, dorsal fin might also make it go faster.…
Bad fats are saturated and trans fats. Saturated fats are mostly in meats, dairy products and tropical oils. Saturated fat raises both bad cholesterol and good cholesterol, while trans-fat only raises bad cholesterol. This makes trans fats technically worse than saturated fats. The better fats would be monounsaturated and polyunsaturated. Monounsaturated will lower your cholesterol, and unlike polyunsaturated they do not lower your good cholesterol. Your best fats would be the omega-3s (fish oil). This fat has shown to protect people from sudden cardiac death (Schardt,2002).…
The shark is known to be a terror of the ocean that does nothing more than kill human’s, at least this is what was think of these creatures until more research was discovered. The truth is that the shark is a beautiful creature that has more than 440 species that is being hunted to extinction. Not many people are killed by sharks, as it is more common to be killed by a vending machine, than a shark. These creatures do not need to be hunted, as they are already on the verge of extinction.…
The sand shark is very important to my tribe, and I shall tell you why. Once, a very long time ago, a group of hunters were looking for animals for food and supplies. The eldest, and wisest, said “We must continue hunting! Do not lose hope!” Suddenly a squirrel scampered across a cedar branch. The youngest was quick, he raised his bow, arrow drawn, and shot. The squirrel was too quick, the arrow missed. Several days later, hunger spread throughout the village. The three hunters had failed to collect enough food for the winter. Many died, some went mad with starvation. One day in winter, the hunters had no choice but to hunt. After several hours, they noticed that one spot of water had not frozen. The hunters made the decision to go fishing.…
Carcharhinus Leucas or bull sharks are the only species of sharks that are able to travel long distances and spend extended periods of time in freshwater environments. Although many people disagree, I believe that one of the bull sharks’ main reason for entering freshwater is to find breeding grounds. There is evidence that supports this theory, and it seems to me a very logical explanation, however it is a controversial concept. In this paper, I will discuss what physical characteristics allow bull sharks to survive in both marine and fresh waters, and attempt to understand whether they do this…
Great white sharks are known as the most dangerous of the shark species because of their sheer size and their quick mind that make them the ultimate predator. A comparison can be seen in Figure 1, where the great white shark is seen next to a human, this image is showing the sizing difference between the two species. The shark is so captivating that there is an entire week each year dedicated to these creatures to learn more about them and the world they live, in an area that is vastly undiscovered. There is enough evidence through fossils that can date the shark back four-hundred million years ago, which was a time before dinosaurs were roaming the Earth (“Shark Basics”).…
1. What were some of the key characteristics of Vans’ earliest customers in the 1960s and 1970s? What was the public perception of skateboarding during this er…
system performance is much better if a page that is not heavily used is chosen. If…