Student
For use only in [the name of your school] S1 Sample
Definitions for S1
Statistical Experiment A text/investigation/process adopted for collecting data to provide evidence for or against a hypothesis. “Explain briefly why mathematical models can help to improve our understanding of real world problems” Simplifies a real world problem; enables us to gain a quicker / cheaper understanding of a real world problem Advantage and disadvantage of statistical model Advantage : cheaper and quicker Disadvantage : not fully accurate “Statistical models can be used to describe real world problems. Explain the process involved in the formulation of a statistical model.” • Observe real-world problem • Devise a statistical model and collect data • Compare and observe against expected outcomes and test model; • Refine model if necessary. A sample space A list of all possible outcomes of an experiment Event Sub-set of possible outcomes of an experiment.
Normal Distribution Bell shaped curve symmetrical about mean; mean = mode = median 95% of data lies within 2 standard deviations of mean 2 conditions for skewness Positive skew if ( Q3 − Q2 ) − ( Q2 − Q1 ) > 0 and if Mean − Median > 0 . Negative skew if ( Q3 − Q2 ) − ( Q2 − Q1 ) < 0 and if Mean − Median < 0 .
Independent Events P ( A ∩ B) = P( A) × P( B) Mutually Exclusive Events P( A ∩ B) = 0 Explanatory and response variables The response variable is the dependent variable. It depends on the explanatory variable (also called the independent variable). So in a graph of length of life versus number of cigarettes smoked per week, the dependent variable would be length of life. It depends (or may do) on the number of cigarettes smoked per week. Copyright www.pgmaths.co.uk - for GCSE, IGCSE, AS and A2 notes
www.XtremePapers.net
For use only in [the name of your school] S1 Sample
Data
Discrete Discrete data can only take certain values in any given range. Number of cars in a household is an example of discrete data.
Definitions for S1
Statistical Experiment A text/investigation/process adopted for collecting data to provide evidence for or against a hypothesis. “Explain briefly why mathematical models can help to improve our understanding of real world problems” Simplifies a real world problem; enables us to gain a quicker / cheaper understanding of a real world problem Advantage and disadvantage of statistical model Advantage : cheaper and quicker Disadvantage : not fully accurate “Statistical models can be used to describe real world problems. Explain the process involved in the formulation of a statistical model.” • Observe real-world problem • Devise a statistical model and collect data • Compare and observe against expected outcomes and test model; • Refine model if necessary. A sample space A list of all possible outcomes of an experiment Event Sub-set of possible outcomes of an experiment.
Normal Distribution Bell shaped curve symmetrical about mean; mean = mode = median 95% of data lies within 2 standard deviations of mean 2 conditions for skewness Positive skew if ( Q3 − Q2 ) − ( Q2 − Q1 ) > 0 and if Mean − Median > 0 . Negative skew if ( Q3 − Q2 ) − ( Q2 − Q1 ) < 0 and if Mean − Median < 0 .
Independent Events P ( A ∩ B) = P( A) × P( B) Mutually Exclusive Events P( A ∩ B) = 0 Explanatory and response variables The response variable is the dependent variable. It depends on the explanatory variable (also called the independent variable). So in a graph of length of life versus number of cigarettes smoked per week, the dependent variable would be length of life. It depends (or may do) on the number of cigarettes smoked per week. Copyright www.pgmaths.co.uk - for GCSE, IGCSE, AS and A2 notes
www.XtremePapers.net
For use only in [the name of your school] S1 Sample
Data
Discrete Discrete data can only take certain values in any given range. Number of cars in a household is an example of discrete data.