Student Nurse Critical Review of Literature
2172 words
Research is the systematic and rigorous process of enquiry which aims to describe phenomena and to develop explanatory concepts and theories (Bowling 1997). A research question should be feasible, of interest to the researcher, original, relevant and ethically sound (Sim and Wright 2000). Evidence based health care involves the conscientious, explicit and judicious use of current best evidence about care of individual patients (Sackett et all 1996). In order to approach evidence based care in an evidenced based way the evidence available needs to be reviewed. A health care professional which practices in an evidence based way continues to improve their knowledge base and increase confidence and clinical decision making.
One of the most significant causes of suffering and distress in the UK is chronic pain. Most diagnoses are for back pain, arthritis and widespread joint pain (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS 2008). Between 5 and 10 per cent of people have chronic pain with no formal diagnosis (Nursing Standards 2010). This does not mean that their pain is imaginary. McCaffery said: ‘Pain is what the experiencing person says it is and exists whenever the experiencing person says it does’ (McCaffery and Pasero 1999).
Chronic pain can be complex and difficult to manage. There needs to be a greater awareness among patients and healthcare professionals of the wide variety of treatment options in pain management. Some will not be suitable for all patients, some will fail but others will improve pain and function. Lower back pain affects 60-80 per cent of people at some stage in their lives (Nursing Standards 2004).
Recent statistics about acupuncture use estimate that in England each year, one million treatments are given in the NHS, and two million in the private sector (University of York 2001). Of the many non drug treatments available for pain, acupuncture receives the most positive reports in relation to
Research is the systematic and rigorous process of enquiry which aims to describe phenomena and to develop explanatory concepts and theories (Bowling 1997). A research question should be feasible, of interest to the researcher, original, relevant and ethically sound (Sim and Wright 2000). Evidence based health care involves the conscientious, explicit and judicious use of current best evidence about care of individual patients (Sackett et all 1996). In order to approach evidence based care in an evidenced based way the evidence available needs to be reviewed. A health care professional which practices in an evidence based way continues to improve their knowledge base and increase confidence and clinical decision making.
One of the most significant causes of suffering and distress in the UK is chronic pain. Most diagnoses are for back pain, arthritis and widespread joint pain (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS 2008). Between 5 and 10 per cent of people have chronic pain with no formal diagnosis (Nursing Standards 2010). This does not mean that their pain is imaginary. McCaffery said: ‘Pain is what the experiencing person says it is and exists whenever the experiencing person says it does’ (McCaffery and Pasero 1999).
Chronic pain can be complex and difficult to manage. There needs to be a greater awareness among patients and healthcare professionals of the wide variety of treatment options in pain management. Some will not be suitable for all patients, some will fail but others will improve pain and function. Lower back pain affects 60-80 per cent of people at some stage in their lives (Nursing Standards 2004).
Recent statistics about acupuncture use estimate that in England each year, one million treatments are given in the NHS, and two million in the private sector (University of York 2001). Of the many non drug treatments available for pain, acupuncture receives the most positive reports in relation to
References: BOWLING, A (1997) Research methods in health. Bristol, Open university press BRINKHAUS ET AL (2006) BURLS, A (2009). What is critical appraisal? {online}. Last accessed on 01/05/2010 at http://www.whatisseries.co.uk/whatis/pdfs/What_is_crit_appr.pdf BURY, T, MEAD, J (1998) HARALD S, STOLBERG, G, TROP I (2004). Randomised control trials. {Online} Last accessed on 01/05/2010 at http://www.ajronline.org/cgi/content/full/183/6/1539 HAWKER, S (2002) HICKS, CJ (2009). Research Methods for Clinical Therapists-Applied Project Design and Analysis (3rd edition). Churchill, Livingstone JADAD, AR (1998) MCCAFFERY, M, PASERO, C (1999). Pain Clinical Manual. Second edition. Mosby, St Louis MO. NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE (2008). Chronic Pain Information Page. {Online} last accessed on 01/05/2010 at www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/chronic_pain/chronic_ pain.htm NURSING STANDARDS (2004). Nurse prescriber, lower back pain. {Online} last accessed on 01/05/2010 at http://nursingstandard.rcnpublishing.co.uk.lcproxy.shu.ac.uk/resources/archive/GetArticleById.asp?ArticleId=201 SACKETT, D, ROSENBURG,W, GRAY, J (1996) SIM J, WRIGHT, C (2000). Research in Health Care: Concepts, Designs and Methods. Nelson Thornes, Cheltenham.