study guide chapter 13
Name ____________________________
BIO 107
Chapter 13 – The Cardiovascular System
1) Where is the heart located? Within the mediastinum, bordered laterally by the lungs, posterio0rly by the vertebral column, anteriorly by the sternum.
2) Distinguish between the visceral pericardium and the parietal pericardium. Visceral is a membrane that covers the surface of the heart. Parietal is a membrane that forms the outter wall of the peritoneal cavity
3) Describe the layers of the heart wall. Epicardium protects the heart by reducing friction, Myocardium mostly cardiac muscle tissue that pumps blood out of the heart chambers, Endocardium consists of epithelium and connective tissue that contains many elastic and collagenous fibers
4) Name and locate the four chambers of the heart. ATRIA- upper chamber it has thin walls and receives blood returning to the heart, small earlike projections called auricles extend anteriorly from the atria. RIGHT VENTRICLE AND LEFT VENTRICLE- the lower chambers, receive blood from the atria and contract to force blood out of the heart into arteries. SEPTUM- solid wall like, separates the atrium and ventricle on the right side from their counterparts on the left, as a result blood from one side of the heart never mixes with blood from the other side ( except in the fetus)
5) Describe the function of each heart valve. TRICUSPID VALVE- prevents blood from moving from right ventricle into right atrium during ventricle contraction, PULMONARY VALVE- prevents blood from moving from pulmonary trun into right ventricle during ventricular relaxation, MITRAL VALVE- prevents blood from moving from left ventricle into right atrium during ventricular relaxation. AORTIC VALVE- prevents blood from moving from aorta into left ventricle during ventricular relaxation
6) Review the path of blood through the heart. As the right atrial wall contracts the blood passes through the tricuspid valve and enters the chamber on the right ventricle, when the
BIO 107
Chapter 13 – The Cardiovascular System
1) Where is the heart located? Within the mediastinum, bordered laterally by the lungs, posterio0rly by the vertebral column, anteriorly by the sternum.
2) Distinguish between the visceral pericardium and the parietal pericardium. Visceral is a membrane that covers the surface of the heart. Parietal is a membrane that forms the outter wall of the peritoneal cavity
3) Describe the layers of the heart wall. Epicardium protects the heart by reducing friction, Myocardium mostly cardiac muscle tissue that pumps blood out of the heart chambers, Endocardium consists of epithelium and connective tissue that contains many elastic and collagenous fibers
4) Name and locate the four chambers of the heart. ATRIA- upper chamber it has thin walls and receives blood returning to the heart, small earlike projections called auricles extend anteriorly from the atria. RIGHT VENTRICLE AND LEFT VENTRICLE- the lower chambers, receive blood from the atria and contract to force blood out of the heart into arteries. SEPTUM- solid wall like, separates the atrium and ventricle on the right side from their counterparts on the left, as a result blood from one side of the heart never mixes with blood from the other side ( except in the fetus)
5) Describe the function of each heart valve. TRICUSPID VALVE- prevents blood from moving from right ventricle into right atrium during ventricle contraction, PULMONARY VALVE- prevents blood from moving from pulmonary trun into right ventricle during ventricular relaxation, MITRAL VALVE- prevents blood from moving from left ventricle into right atrium during ventricular relaxation. AORTIC VALVE- prevents blood from moving from aorta into left ventricle during ventricular relaxation
6) Review the path of blood through the heart. As the right atrial wall contracts the blood passes through the tricuspid valve and enters the chamber on the right ventricle, when the