Study Guide for Oceanography
Lecture 1:
What are the 3 domains of life? (Ch. 12, Section “The Three Domains of Life”)
Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya
What marine organism represents the vast majority of the ocean’s biomass? (Ch. 12, Section “How Are Marine Organisms Classified?”)
Plankton
Plankton is a organism that float. Why is a copepod, which can swim and propel itself through the water, classified as plankton? (Ch. 12, Section “Plankton”)
Because of its small size, it cannot swim very far or fast so its location is determined by currents
Organisms that can photosynthesize and produce their own food are called what? (Ch. 12, Section “Plankton”)
Autotrophic
Organisms that only spend part of their life cycle as plankton are referred to as what? (Ch. 12, Section “Plankton”)
Meroplankton
What are nektobenthos? (Ch. 12, Section “Benthos”)
Organisms that live on the bottom but can swim or crawl through the water
What is the primary factor that limits life on the deep-ocean floor? (Ch. 12, Section “Benthos”)
Sparse food supply
Of Earth’s total number of species, why are the fewest in the marine pelagic realm? (Ch. 12, Section “How Many Marine Species Exist?”) Uniform conditions in the pelagic realm make fewer specialized environments for organism adaptation as different species
Why is the surface area to volume ratio important for phytoplankton? (Ch. 12, Section “Water’s Viscosity”) A larger ratio provides higher resistance to sinking and less energy used to stay afloat
Why do most fish and marine mammals have the same torpedo-like, streamlined shape? (Ch. 12, Section “Water’s Viscosity”) The streamlined shape minimizes energy expended to move through the water
Lecture 2
Most fresh water fish are hypertonic, meaning their body cells contain more salt than the surrounding water. Since osmosis should push water into their cells, why don’t they explode? (Ch. 12, Section “Salinity”) They urinate a lot, so the water does not build up, they don’t drink any water,
What are the 3 domains of life? (Ch. 12, Section “The Three Domains of Life”)
Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya
What marine organism represents the vast majority of the ocean’s biomass? (Ch. 12, Section “How Are Marine Organisms Classified?”)
Plankton
Plankton is a organism that float. Why is a copepod, which can swim and propel itself through the water, classified as plankton? (Ch. 12, Section “Plankton”)
Because of its small size, it cannot swim very far or fast so its location is determined by currents
Organisms that can photosynthesize and produce their own food are called what? (Ch. 12, Section “Plankton”)
Autotrophic
Organisms that only spend part of their life cycle as plankton are referred to as what? (Ch. 12, Section “Plankton”)
Meroplankton
What are nektobenthos? (Ch. 12, Section “Benthos”)
Organisms that live on the bottom but can swim or crawl through the water
What is the primary factor that limits life on the deep-ocean floor? (Ch. 12, Section “Benthos”)
Sparse food supply
Of Earth’s total number of species, why are the fewest in the marine pelagic realm? (Ch. 12, Section “How Many Marine Species Exist?”) Uniform conditions in the pelagic realm make fewer specialized environments for organism adaptation as different species
Why is the surface area to volume ratio important for phytoplankton? (Ch. 12, Section “Water’s Viscosity”) A larger ratio provides higher resistance to sinking and less energy used to stay afloat
Why do most fish and marine mammals have the same torpedo-like, streamlined shape? (Ch. 12, Section “Water’s Viscosity”) The streamlined shape minimizes energy expended to move through the water
Lecture 2
Most fresh water fish are hypertonic, meaning their body cells contain more salt than the surrounding water. Since osmosis should push water into their cells, why don’t they explode? (Ch. 12, Section “Salinity”) They urinate a lot, so the water does not build up, they don’t drink any water,