U.S., China and Jamaica have different economic and cultural background, so their business decisions are influenced by different ethical standards. China is transforming from the socialist economy from capitalist economy, so there will be clashes between individualism and collectivism mentality. In the vignette #1 of the case study, managers of the three countries are asked to give their view on bribing foreign businessmen to gain access to his country’s market. Big discrepancy is found in Rationale C (Bribe; unethical), E (Is an acceptable practice in other countries), and F (Is not unethical, just the price paid to do business). 23.5% American respondents, 17.9% Jamaican respondents, and 8.2% Chinese respondents believe it is unethical to do so. 13.6% American respondents, 46.9%…
Ethics plays such an important role in the business world. There are organizations and boards that set guidelines specifically to improve the work environment and help control the amount of ethical dilemmas. The SEC works as the head quarters for these boards and has developed many new guidelines since the crisis of the early 2000’s. The International Ethics Standards Board for Accountants (IESBA) has established ethical standards and guidelines for accountants similar to those of the AICPA’s Rules of Conduct. There are many organizations that are working in unison to create the best atmosphere for the business world and those involved.…
Positive economics is objective and fact based. Normative economics is subjective and value based. Roger Miller made a comment that states “…the very choice of which topics to include in an introductory textbook involves normative economics. There is not a value-free, or objective, way to decide which topics to use in a textbook.” There is not way for the textbook to have just positive economics, and just by the choice of subjects, made it unable to just be positive.…
The following paragraphs will discuss business ethics from different cultural backgrounds. The focus of the backgrounds will be from the Mexican and Chinese aspect of proper business ethics. The articles, Double Standards: Mexico Business and Business Ethics in China are the two articles I will summarize to the reader. I will discuss the primary ethical perspectives of each country covered in the articles, as well as how the articles contributed to a better understanding of global ethical perspectives. Lastly, I will describe the business ethics of each foreign country.…
Positive and normative economics are both used in economic logic and decision making. Used together, they are very useful concepts. However, they are different in that positive economics are derived from facts, whereas normative economics are derived from opinions. Although positive and normative economics are quite different in their definitions, they can mutually influence one another. For instance, normative economic views can influence an individual 's outlook on positive economics. Likewise, positive economics indicate what normative economics are likely to occur based on the history of statistical…
Positive economics is objective and fact based, and normative economics is subjective and value based. There is no way that our textbook can be just positive economics. It even states it in…
Copyright Kluwer Academic Publishers Group Jan 1998 [Headnotel ABSTRACT. Many international business training programs present a viewpoint of cultural relativism that encourages business people to adapt to the host country 's culture. This paper presents an argument that cultural relativism is not always appropriate for business ethics; rather, a code of conduct must be adapted which presents guidelines for core ethical business conduct across cultures. Both moral and economic evidence is provided to support the argument for a universal code of ethics. Also, four steps are presented that will help ensure that company ethical standards are followed internationally.…
Ethics makes harmonious relationship among the members in the company and creates a highly valued workplace. In fact, according to an article made by Prof. Sundem which was adapted from his speech on 2003, causes of financial reporting problems can be prevented by stressing ethics in businesses. Ethics serves as a standard for all professionals and employees in the company to act decorously and to uphold honest and moral performance. Company members that have an ethical behavior and integrity build trusting relationships with their workmates. Through these values, accurate and reliable financial reports are produced by accountants, auditors, and other business financial…
In the international business setting, the most common ethical issues involve all but which one of the…
Does your textbook present only positive economics and avoid any normative economics? If not, give some examples of normative issues covered in your textbook.…
2. Does your textbook present only positive economics and avoid any normative economics? If not, give some examples of normative economics covered in your textbook. The textbook presents both positive economics and normative economics. An example of normative economics that is used in the textbook states “a value-free interpretation [of economics] leads to all sorts of abuses” (42). Normative economics incorporate subjectivity in to their analysis. Normative economics are heavily influenced by value judgment as well as theoretical situations. Normative economics are the opposite of positive economics.…
2. Positive vs. Normative Economics; Positive Economics: descriptions of the world as it is, Normative Economics: descriptions for how the world ought to be.…
Economics is defined as the study of how the forces of supply and demand allocate scarce resources. Economics can be subdivided into microeconomics, which examines the behavior of firms, consumers and the role of government; and macro economics, which looks at inflation, unemployment, industrial production, and the role of government (Investor Word, 2008). Economics can be further divided to include positive economics and normative economics. Positive economics is the study of what is, and how the economy works and normative economics is the study of what the goals of the economy should be. Simply put positive economics looks at how things such as current gas prices directly affect individual buying power and how that buying power affect the economy as a whole. Normative economics looks as how the economy would be affected if certain practices were put into play, for example; if government was implement a law stating for every five gallons of gas a individual purchases he or she would be given one gallon free of charge.…
Ethics plays a large role in financial decision-making. A company’s financial decisions can affect everyone from the top executives down through the general public. For businesses to effectively use ethics in their financial decision-making, the decision-makers are required to address their financial decisions with responsibility, objectivity, integrity, and professional practices (Think+Up, 2011).…
Managerial Economics belongs to normative economics rather than positive economics (also sometimes known as descriptive economics). In other words, it is prescriptive rather than descriptive. The main body of economic theory confines itself to descriptive hypothesis, attempting to generalize about the relations among different variables without judgment about what is desirable or undesirable. For instance, the law of demand states that as price increases. Demand goes down or vice-versa but this statement does not tell whether the outcome is good or bad. Managerial Economics, however, is concerned with what decisions ought to be made and hence involves value judgments.…