Subject 2 Compare And Contrast Essay
When comparing both subjects it is clear that Subject 2 (Humza) has a larger vital capacity and lower breathing rate than Subject 1 (Mohamed.S). This experiment clarified that many factors can be taken into account and influence vital capacity and breathing rates. Referring back to my hypothesis which states that height and physical activity are large factors, Subject 2 being taller required his body to take in more oxygen through his lungs as oxygenated blood coming from the heart needed to travel further distances (183 cm height). Which also allows for a larger diaphragm that creates a considerably larger surface area in the lungs, which receives a greater intake of oxygen, The size of the lungs are directly proportional to the vital capacity. Vital capacity is the volume of gas that can be exhaled by a maximal expiration from total lung capacity.
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Subject 1 has a higher breathing rate than subject 2 (20 breaths/per min to 14 breaths/per min) but a lower vital capacity than subject 2 (4082.40L to 4728.35L), this can be because generally the shorter the person more likely to also have smaller lungs in comparison and that smaller lungs would needed to breathe more to achieve the amount required, which also confirms that size of lungs are proportionate to vital capacity.
If an individual were to have a lower than regular vital capacity which would result in lower oxygen intake and less oxygen being diffused through the alveoli and into capillaries directly into the bloodstream. Being more physically active also factors vital capacity as while an individual is doing exercise they are required to intake more oxygen to muscle cells so they are able to undergo rapid cellular respiration. Because of the increase in oxygen intake over time which resulted from exercise the lung muscles become stronger and the diaphragm expands meaning that the same individual would now intake more oxygen at rest because their lungs are more
attuned. As both of our subjects are Male and 16 years of age, we were not able to gather results and evidence justifying that Gender and Age are factors, research states that Males have larger vital capacities and is generally because of genetics and, also that males often undergo more physical activity than females. Age also influences vital capacity as obviously those who have lived longer have more experienced and stronger lungs which allow for larger amounts of oxygen intake. Furthermore, illnesses have huge impacts on breathing rate, oxygen intake, and vital capacity, illnesses such as Bronchitis which is the inflammation and swelling of the bronchial tubes which is where air travels between the mouth/nose and lungs, mucus is formed and may clog up several air passages in response to the inflammation to reduce irritation, wheezing and coughing are some symptoms which may be caused by this illness. Another disorder similar to this is Asthma which also swells and narrows airways while producing extra mucus. Also, a high concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood will cause the blood to be acidic due to carbonic acid. Once the brain notices, the brain sends signals to the intercostal muscles to contract and expand rapidly. This is done to expel the excess carbon dioxide in the blood to increase the pH levels. Breathing rapidly also allows the lungs to receive greater amounts of oxygen.
Each subject may have breathed differently each trial from the other. This difference in breaths could cause the data to be less reliable and slightly inaccurate. Also, it is difficult to tell if size was the only variable coming into play in the experiment. Some of the subjects had a history of participating in sports, which can increase a person’s tidal volume and vital capacity. With these variables, it is difficult to determine if those factors influence tidal volume and vital capacity or the subjects’ size did. The quality of the bag in which air was blown into may have been rigid and poor in condition with little holes for leakage which may have influenced or changed some values that were recorded.
Subject 1 has a higher breathing rate than subject 2 (20 breaths/per min to 14 breaths/per min) but a lower vital capacity than subject 2 (4082.40L to 4728.35L), this can be because generally the shorter the person more likely to also have smaller lungs in comparison and that smaller lungs would needed to breathe more to achieve the amount required, which also confirms that size of lungs are proportionate to vital capacity.
If an individual were to have a lower than regular vital capacity which would result in lower oxygen intake and less oxygen being diffused through the alveoli and into capillaries directly into the bloodstream. Being more physically active also factors vital capacity as while an individual is doing exercise they are required to intake more oxygen to muscle cells so they are able to undergo rapid cellular respiration. Because of the increase in oxygen intake over time which resulted from exercise the lung muscles become stronger and the diaphragm expands meaning that the same individual would now intake more oxygen at rest because their lungs are more
attuned. As both of our subjects are Male and 16 years of age, we were not able to gather results and evidence justifying that Gender and Age are factors, research states that Males have larger vital capacities and is generally because of genetics and, also that males often undergo more physical activity than females. Age also influences vital capacity as obviously those who have lived longer have more experienced and stronger lungs which allow for larger amounts of oxygen intake. Furthermore, illnesses have huge impacts on breathing rate, oxygen intake, and vital capacity, illnesses such as Bronchitis which is the inflammation and swelling of the bronchial tubes which is where air travels between the mouth/nose and lungs, mucus is formed and may clog up several air passages in response to the inflammation to reduce irritation, wheezing and coughing are some symptoms which may be caused by this illness. Another disorder similar to this is Asthma which also swells and narrows airways while producing extra mucus. Also, a high concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood will cause the blood to be acidic due to carbonic acid. Once the brain notices, the brain sends signals to the intercostal muscles to contract and expand rapidly. This is done to expel the excess carbon dioxide in the blood to increase the pH levels. Breathing rapidly also allows the lungs to receive greater amounts of oxygen.
Each subject may have breathed differently each trial from the other. This difference in breaths could cause the data to be less reliable and slightly inaccurate. Also, it is difficult to tell if size was the only variable coming into play in the experiment. Some of the subjects had a history of participating in sports, which can increase a person’s tidal volume and vital capacity. With these variables, it is difficult to determine if those factors influence tidal volume and vital capacity or the subjects’ size did. The quality of the bag in which air was blown into may have been rigid and poor in condition with little holes for leakage which may have influenced or changed some values that were recorded.