Substation Equipment and Their Functions
1. SUBSTATION EQUIPMENT AND THEIR FUNCTIONS
Substations INTRODUCTION: In Power System network, in order to transmit and distribute the generated power, it is necessary to install “SUBSTATIONS” at strategic points to work at required voltage level since “HIGH VOLTAGE TRANSMISSION” is resorted to. The Sub stations are classified as “GRID” of “RADIAL” Substations. The Grid station is installed in Grid network to reduce the voltage level from 230KV to 110 KV. The radial Station within Distribution net work to reduce the voltage from 110 KV to 11KV (or 22KV). In essence the substation provides (a) Transfer of voltage level (b) Transmission of the required Power and (c) Adjustment of voltage variations caused by the system voltage regulation. 110/11KV SUB STATION : CLASSIFICATION OF EQUIPMENTS
Sl. No
1.
Classification
Functional
Equipments
a) Bus Bar b) Transformers c) Earthing System
Purpose
To carry Power feeding To transmit Power from one voltage to other To ensure effective grounding for safety & Protective operation. Isolate feeding equipments from source of supply (Potential ) Breaking the Current (Power flow) for normal maintenance; and for isolation of faulty section) To prevent damage to equipment from direct stroke of lightning. Protecting the transformer from the impact of surges. Back up Protection for Surge Diverters. Metering (Voltage and Energy) Metering (Current & Energy) Protection For sensing the fault and give command to breakers to isolate the faulty circuit. For i) Indication of Status ii) Annunciation of the fault iii) Operation of breaker for isolation of faulty circuit. To feed L.T-3Ph. 400V Supply for i) Auxiliaries of breakers & Transformers. ii) Yard & Control room lighting iii) Supply to battery charge Control of A.C.Supply To house equipments with required horizontal and vertical clearances. To house indoor equipments like D.C.System, D.C. & A.C.panels etc.,
2.
Isolation & Control
a) Isolation
b) Breakers
3.
Substations INTRODUCTION: In Power System network, in order to transmit and distribute the generated power, it is necessary to install “SUBSTATIONS” at strategic points to work at required voltage level since “HIGH VOLTAGE TRANSMISSION” is resorted to. The Sub stations are classified as “GRID” of “RADIAL” Substations. The Grid station is installed in Grid network to reduce the voltage level from 230KV to 110 KV. The radial Station within Distribution net work to reduce the voltage from 110 KV to 11KV (or 22KV). In essence the substation provides (a) Transfer of voltage level (b) Transmission of the required Power and (c) Adjustment of voltage variations caused by the system voltage regulation. 110/11KV SUB STATION : CLASSIFICATION OF EQUIPMENTS
Sl. No
1.
Classification
Functional
Equipments
a) Bus Bar b) Transformers c) Earthing System
Purpose
To carry Power feeding To transmit Power from one voltage to other To ensure effective grounding for safety & Protective operation. Isolate feeding equipments from source of supply (Potential ) Breaking the Current (Power flow) for normal maintenance; and for isolation of faulty section) To prevent damage to equipment from direct stroke of lightning. Protecting the transformer from the impact of surges. Back up Protection for Surge Diverters. Metering (Voltage and Energy) Metering (Current & Energy) Protection For sensing the fault and give command to breakers to isolate the faulty circuit. For i) Indication of Status ii) Annunciation of the fault iii) Operation of breaker for isolation of faulty circuit. To feed L.T-3Ph. 400V Supply for i) Auxiliaries of breakers & Transformers. ii) Yard & Control room lighting iii) Supply to battery charge Control of A.C.Supply To house equipments with required horizontal and vertical clearances. To house indoor equipments like D.C.System, D.C. & A.C.panels etc.,
2.
Isolation & Control
a) Isolation
b) Breakers
3.