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Summary of French Literature History

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Summary of French Literature History
Classicisme:
Valt samen met de bloeiperiode van koning Lodewijk XIV (1660-1685).
Periode van rust, evenwicht, volmaaktheid, absolute macht.
Literatuur:
Schrijvers uit classicisme zetten ideeën Klassieke Oudheid door.
- Orde, discipline, soberheid en eenvoud.
- uitdaging om in strakke richtlijnen goede literatuur te schrijven
- namen genres over, imiteerden stijl en pasten theorieën uit oudheid toe.
Optimistische levensvisie, later meer pessimisme: Molière, La Rouchefoucauld en Jean de la Fontaine negatief over de opportunistische mens. Jean Racine heel negatief, beschouwde mens als krachteloos slachtoffer van zijn driften.

Theater: Toneel belangrijkste literaire genre in deze tijd. Ook hier klassieke regels. - 5 bedrijven - eenheid van handeling, tijd, plaats - adellijke personages, om voorbeeld te geven - intrige bij voorkeur uit mythologie of klassieke geschiedenis - welgemanierdheid in acht, geen ordinaire ruzies, duels of scheldpartijen Molière:
Auteur Klassieke komedies, trok zich weinig aan van ‘klassieke’ regels. Publiek vermaken belangrijker. Zedenkomedies: hekelt misstanden uit die tijd. Karakterkomedies: dreef spot met menselijke tekortkomingen (gierigheid, zelfbedrog, verwaandheid). Veel van Molières stukken bevatten elementen van alledrie (+klucht).

Bepaalde types komen steeds terug: - lachwekkend persoon (vader) - jonge verliefden (liefde tegengewerkt door vader) - bediendes die vader bespotten en verliefden helpen - personen met gezond verstand die middenweg kiezen

Molière na optreden voor de Koning eretitel. Hofleverancier van de koning. Leverde op bestelling stukken. Kerk niet tevreden, sloot komediespelers uit van communie etc. Net als tovenaars en godslasteraars en zondaars. Komedie werd door de kerk dus als slecht gezien.

Klucht: uitsluitend om te lachen, banale middelen, korter dan komedie en mist een serieuze moraal.

Le Malade imaginaire
Monsieur Purgon doet altijd maar ziekjes, gelooft

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