Before WWII, the world order was dominated by the European approach, after WWII, this approach was replaced by superpower America’s new order. Other than Europe, America tried to establish liberty and democracy all over the world. Furthermore, the United States established free markets, which benefited individuals as well as society. However, Henry Kissinger believes that this concept of order is in crisis. For Kissinger, there are 3 reasons why the current order is failing. The nature of the state itself, the clash between international economy and the political institutions and the absence of an effective mechanism for the great powers to consult and cooperate on the most important issues.
To explain the change of the nature of the state, Kissinger uses Europe as an example. Europe tries to try to craft a foreign policy based mainly on soft power. Kissinger criticizes this, because he believes that this alone can’t sustain a world order. “In Europe, there is a vacuum of authority internally and an imbalance of power along its borders” (Kissinger, par.5). Concurrent to this, in the Middle East, states can’t control their own territory, and many parties are in conflict with each