Summary Of Module 8 Psychology

Chapter 3 of Introduction to Psychology is titled "Neuroscience and Behavior" and contains three different modules. Module seven contains information on Neurons and how they function. Module eight contains information about the nervous system and the endocrine system, and it also explains how the body communicates from within. Module nine is the last module and contains information on the brain. The different parts and functions of the brain are also found in module nine.
Module 7
Neurons are the most basic elements of the nervous system. They are tasked with relaying messages from the central nervous system. Neurons are a web that connect from your brain and spinal cord all the way to the out most extremities. The cell body of a neuron is
The brain and the spinal cord make up the central nervous system and are the creators of the messages sent from neurons to neurons in the body. Meanwhile, the peripheral nervous system is made up of the somatic division. Anything from moving your hand to walking is controlled through the somatic division because the somatic division controls voluntary movement. The somatic division also relays information to and from the sense organs. The sense organs consist of the five senses, sight, smell, touch, hearing and taste. Sight is contributed to the eyes, Smell to the nose, touch to the skin and hairs on your body, hearing to your ears, and taste to the tongue which contains hundreds of taste buds. Another part of the peripheral nervous system is the autonomic division. The autonomic division is tasked with involuntary functions such as the heart and lungs. The autonomic division has two different parts of its own. The sympathetic and parasympathetic. The sympathetic division prepares the body in emergency situations and the parasympathetic clams down the body after an emergency. Psychologist have managed to learn more about the nervous system through a branch of psychology called evolutionary psychology. This branch of psychology attempts to connect behavioral patterns from modern humans to their ancestors and that is due to genetic inheritance. The endocrine system secretes hormones
They do brain scans which shows an image of a person’s brain without having to open their skull. The different methods are electroencephalogram, positron emission and tomography, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, and transcranial magnetic simulation imaging. The central core or also known as “old brain” is made up of the medulla, the pons, the cerebellum, the reticular formation, the thalamus, and the hypothalamus. The old brain is tasked with the most basic of functions such as eating and sleeping. The cerebral cortex or the “new brain” controls voluntary movement, the senses, and high thinking. The cerebral cortex also controls speech, memory, and reasoning. Between the two hemispheres is where the limbic system can be found. The limbic system is associated with aggressiveness, eating, reproduction and the feeling of pleasure and pain. The brain is divided into two hemispheres, the left hemisphere carries out verbal tasks, logical reasoning, speaking, and reading. Meanwhile, the right carries out nonverbal tasks, like spatial perception, pattern recognition and emotional expression. Biofeedback is a procedure in which a person learns to reactions caused by the body through thought process. By controlling involuntary reactions, it helps alleviate whatever the reaction may do to the person. That range anywhere from anxiety to migraine headaches. In conclusion, this chapter teaches